Microbial Carotenoids from Bacteria and Microalgae Methods and Proto
Carotenoids are a family of yellow to orange-red terpenoid pigments synthesized by photosynthetic organisms and many bacteria and fungi. They have beneficial health effects protecting against oxidative damage and may be responsible for the colours associa
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IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY™
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Microbial Carotenoids from Bacteria and Microalgae Methods and Protocols
Edited by
José-Luis Barredo Gadea BioPharma, Parque Tecnológico de León, León, Spain
Editor José-Luis Barredo Gadea BioPharma Parque Tecnológico de León León, Spain
ISSN 1064-3745 e-ISSN 1940-6029 ISBN 978-1-61779-878-8 e-ISBN 978-1-61779-879-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-879-5 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012937073 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface Carotenoids are a family of yellow to orange-red terpenoid pigments synthesized by photosynthetic organisms and by many bacteria and fungi. They have beneficial health effects, protecting against oxidative damage, and may be responsible for the colors associated with plants and animals. Carotenoids are also desirable commercial products used as colorants, feed supplements, and nutraceuticals in the food, medical, and cosmetic industries. Only a few of the more than 600 identified carotenoids are produced industrially, with β-carotene (a popular additive for butter, ice cream, orange juice, candies, etc.) the most prominent. Commercial production of natural carotenoids from microorganisms is a new approach more eco-friendly than synthetic manufacture by chemical procedures. Despite the availability of a variety of natural and synthetic carotenoids, there is currently renewed interest in microbial sources. Due to its increasing importance, industrial biotechnological methods of carotenoids production have been developed with the algae Dunaliella salina and Haematococcus pluvialis, the fungus Blakeslea trispora, and the heterobasidiomycetous yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous. This book is intended to provide practical experimental laboratory procedures for a wide range of carotenoids producing microorganisms. Although not an exhaustive treatise, it provides a detailed “step-by-step” description of the most recent developments in applied biotechnological processes useful for screening and select
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