Microbial Distribution and Diversity of Soil Around a Manganese Mine Area
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Microbial Distribution and Diversity of Soil Around a Manganese Mine Area Yuwei Xiang & Yiqie Dong & Suyun Zhao & Fan Ye & Yi Wang & Min Zhou & Haobo Hou
Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract From 12 mining areas surrounding a manganese mining area in Guangxi, soil samples were collected at different distances from the center of the mining area and different sampling points at the same distance. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used in extracting and amplifying DNA in the soil samples, and doubleterminal gene sequence library comparison was performed. Through OUT clustering, species community, species diversity, and inter-group difference analyses, the composition of microbial community and biological diversity in the mining soil was evaluated. Results showed that the soil around the mining area was affected by heavy metals, and species complexity was positively correlated with distance. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria were the dominant species with high abundance in some soil samples because of their pollution tolerance. The samples closer to the center were more disturbed by mining activities, and species diversity sequencing based on observed species index and Shannon index was consistent with that of cluster analysis. Differences among the sample groups at 2 km from the center were the smallest, and species Y. Xiang : Y. Dong : S. Zhao : F. Ye : Y. Wang : M. Zhou : H. Hou School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China M. Zhou (*) : H. Hou (*) Hubei Environmental Remediation Material Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan, China e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]
diversity had the highest similarity. Differences among the sample groups at 1 km from the center were the largest, and species composition significantly varied. Microorganism distribution is an important indicator of soil ecological characteristics, and the analysis of species and diversity of soil microorganisms is important to the assessment of the impact of mining activities and the extent of soil contamination. Keywords Manganese mine area . Microbial sequencing . 16S rRNA . Abundance . Alpha diversity
1 Introduction In recent years, a large number of studies have evaluated soil pollution, and the results showed that urban, agricultural, and mining soils have different degrees of pollution (Teng et al. 2014). However, given the influence of many external conditions such as mining engineering construction, the contents of heavy metals and other pollutants in the surrounding soil are significantly higher than those in ordinary and pure soil (Wu et al. 2014). Owing to groundwater runoff, artificial mining, and stacking, the soil is covered by plants and exposed to the atmosphere at the same site, and certain differences in relevant macroscopic mechanical property, chemical composition, and microorganism distribution are found (Jordán et al. 2010; Lovell et al. 1995; van der Putten et al. 2013). Mining activit
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