Mine Wastes Environmental Impact Mapping Using Landsat ETM+ and SPOT 5 Data Fusion in the North of Tunisia
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SHORT NOTE
Mine Wastes Environmental Impact Mapping Using Landsat ETM+ and SPOT 5 Data Fusion in the North of Tunisia Nouha Mezned 1 & Nada Mechrgui 1 & Sâadi Abdeljaouad 1
Received: 16 June 2015 / Accepted: 17 September 2015 # Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2016
Abstract Mine wastes constitute an alarming source of pollution that threatens soils, vegetation and human health around Jebel Hallouf-Bouaouane mine site. Because of their widespread geographical distribution; their location and extent, the characterization of mine wastes using traditional field work alone is both costly and inefficient. In this study, we explore remote sensing techniques based on multispectral and multisensor data fusion. Our contribution consists in enhanced mine wastes map for environmental impact detection using both SPOT 5 (Satellite Pour l’ Observation de la Terre 5) panchromatic (Pan) and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus ETM+ multispectral (MS) data. The linear spectral unmixing of the hybrid image show results with respect to the field truth. The inter-comparison of maps indicates that this methodology can be applied successfully to multispectral data for multi-temporal monitoring of mine wastes. Keywords Mine wastes . Environmental impact . Spot 5 . Landsat ETM+ . Data fusion . Spectral unmixing
Introduction One of the major environmental problems resulting from the mine activity is the pollution of soils and vegetation with wastes left over after ore processing in mining operations. Nowadays, these waste products constitute an alarming source * Nouha Mezned [email protected] 1
Laboratoire des Ressources Minérales et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire du Belvédère, 1092 Tunis, Tunisia
of pollution that threatens human health. Moreover, physical hazards such as subsidence and wastes dam failures may also occur (Slim 1981; Mansouri 1980). Thus, monitoring the environmental risks associated with mine wastes in a quick and timely fashion is the first step towards mitigating their impact. Because of their widespread geographical distribution; their location and extent, the characterization of mine wastes using traditional field work alone is both costly and inefficient. Remote sensing techniques have been proven extremely valuable in the inventory, characterization, and remediation of mine wastes elsewhere. For remote sensing applications, both high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution are often desired to achieve more detailed and more accurate information acquisition. Therefore, the need for effective fusion of Pan and MS images (also called pansharpening) is tremendous to improve information extraction. In many remote sensing and mapping applications, the fusion of high-spectral but low spatial resolution multispectral and low-spectral but high spatial resolution panchromatic satellite images is a very important issue. Many image fusion techniques and software tools have been developed. The well-known methods are, for example, the IHS (Intensity, Hue, Sat
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