Mo-Inefficient Wheat Response Toward Molybdenum Supply in Terms of Soil Phosphorus Availability
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Mo-Inefficient Wheat Response Toward Molybdenum Supply in Terms of Soil Phosphorus Availability Muhammad Shoaib Rana 1,2 & Xuecheng Sun 1,2 & Muhammad Imran 1,2 & Zaid Khan 3 & Mohamed G. Moussa 1,2 & Muhammad Abbas 4,5 & Parashuram Bhantana 1,2 & Muhamad Syaifudin 1,2 & Intisar Ud Din 1,2 & Muhammad Younas 1,2 & Md Ashrafuzzaman Shah 1,2 & Javaria Afzal 1,2 & Chengxiao Hu 1,2 Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 8 July 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major constraint to crop growth due to strong soil P fixation. The effects of molybdenum (Mo) on leaf anatomy and dynamics of rhizosphere P in Mo-inefficient crops have still not been investigated. A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term fertilization on dynamics of rhizosphere P transformations and leaf anatomy in Moinefficient wheat consisting of Mo (+Mo) and without Mo applied (−Mo) treatments. The results revealed that Mo supply increased plant biomass, grain yield, uptake of P and Mo by 34.9%, 14.8%, 98.1% and 654.1% respectively and preserved the leaf cuticle, stomata, chloroplast, and mesophyll tissue cell configuration. Molybdenum application significantly increased the concentration of radially available P fractions [NaHCO3-Pi (115.5 to 129.8 mg kg−1 and 67.4 to 80.7 mg kg−1) and H2O-Pi (14.4–21.9 mg kg−1 and 4.63–6.40 mg kg−1)] in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively. The acid phosphatase (ACP) activity (19.5 μmol day−1 g−1) was highest during March as compared to alkaline (ALP) and phytase (PHY) enzymes in the rhizosphere soil of +Mo treatment. The highest expression of gene lppC (6.11) was observed in rhizosphere soil as compared to non-rhizosphere soil which indicated that higher gene expressions induced the higher P enzymatic activities. Our findings suggest that Mo fertilizer application increases P availability through induced alteration in dynamics of rhizosphere soil P fractions, higher P and Mo assimilation and phosphatases enzymes activities along with preserving the leaf anatomy and ultrastructure of Mo-inefficient wheat. Keywords Molybdenum . P fractions . P enzymes . P assimilation . Leaf anatomy . Chloroplast ultrastructure
1 Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00298-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Chengxiao Hu [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2
Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
3
MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
4
Nuclear Institue of Agriculture, Tandojam, Pakistan
5
Institute
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