Modeling and minimization of FWM effects in DWDM-based long-haul optical communication systems
- PDF / 3,216,430 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 96 Downloads / 162 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Modeling and minimization of FWM effects in DWDM‑based long‑haul optical communication systems Farman Ali1 · Fazal Muhammad2 · Usman Habib3 · Yousaf Khan4 · Muhammad Usman5 Received: 26 September 2019 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Optical communication systems (OCSs) mainly represent the backbone of modern long-haul communication networks because of low loss transmission over long distances and ultra-high capacity. However high data-rate transmission through optical fiber suffers from deterioration due to nonlinear impairments, such as four-wave mixing (FWM) in particular. At high launch power levels, which are required for the long-haul transmission over hundreds of km, these nonlinear effects become more severe which imposes a challenge to achieve satisfactory transmission performance. In this paper, a theoretical model for the FWM effects and its mitigation is presented and validated through simulation results. Moreover, two other nonlinear effects, polarization mode dispersion and nonlinear dispersion variations are also investigated for various values of launch power level. The transmission performance of the proposed OCS model is evaluated on the basis of bit error rate, optical signal-to-noise ratio and quality factor using different transmission channel parameters such as effective area, nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear dispersion, and linear dispersion. Keywords Four-wave mixing (FWM) · Nonlinear dispersion management · Bit error rate (BER) · Optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) · Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)
1 Introduction * Farman Ali [email protected] Fazal Muhammad [email protected] Usman Habib [email protected] Yousaf Khan [email protected] Muhammad Usman [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Qurtuba University of Science and IT, D.I.Khan, Pakistan
2
Electrical Engineering Department, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
3
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
4
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
5
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, Pakistan
Optical fiber has replaced conventional coaxial cable transmission due to its various benefits like high bandwidth, support for long-haul transmission, immunity from RF interference, and multiplexing ability. From telecommunication services like cable transmission or common antenna television (CATV) to mobile communication, connecting smart grids to underwater applications, the optical communication systems (OCS) have been the subject of prime interest for researchers due to its high capacity and large bandwidth [1–4]. To address the increasing demand of transmitting information over longer distances with high capacity, the industr
Data Loading...
