Modelling of Machining Characteristics During Green Machining of Biomaterials
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Modelling of Machining Characteristics During Green Machining of Biomaterials Pawan Kumar1 • Joy Prakash Misra1
Received: 25 October 2019 / Accepted: 11 May 2020 Ó The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020
Abstract Titanium and its alloys are gaining much attention in the biomedical field. Their biocompatibility makes them first choice for implants. However, machining of titanium is still a challenge owing to its unique properties. Beside this, industries are also looking for a solution to the economical and ecological machining of titanium and its alloys. Current research discusses a probable solution to it. This paper presents the modelling of machining characteristics during the green machining of titanium alloy. In this work, experimentation is performed with varying cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut following response surface methodology (RSM) approach. After that, the experimental results are analyzed and employed to develop an interactive model using back-propagation neural network (BPNN) technique. It is witnessed that the developed BPNN model is of higher accuracy than RSM model. Cutting inserts are further examined to gain a deeper insight into the process. Confirmation runs are also performed for adequacy check of the developed models. Keywords Biomaterials Ti6Al4V Green machining Response surface methodology Neural network Surface roughness Material removal rate
& Pawan Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra 136119, India
Introduction Biomaterials have much significance in the biomedical area owing to their large number of applications, namely clinical medicine, orthopedic surgeries, and material science [1]. These biomaterials are remedies for commonly and frequently occurring musculoskeletal disorders. The artificial biomaterials’ implants are surgically implemented inside the body to restore body function. Therefore, in recent time, the manufacturing of these implants is in demand. It is also expected to increase in the number of hip and knee revision surgery by 137% and 607%, respectively, in between years 2005 and 2030 [2]. These biomaterials should have excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance in the body environment. For the loadbearing implant, biomaterials should have high strength, wear resistance, ductility, fatigue resistance, and low modulus without cytotoxicity [3, 4]. Ti-based alloys, 316L stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloys are usually used as biomaterials. However, titanium alloy is the first choice for implants owing to their unique properties and compatibility [5]. Nevertheless, their poor machinability is still a challenge for engineers to turn this into an application. Wet machining could be a remedy, but environmental issues/ law and economical desirability make machining without cutting fluids (i.e., green machining) a future trend for manufacturing industries [6]. Surface roughness (SR) and material removal rate (MRR) are the two response
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