Molecular and Immnune Diagnosis: Further Testing for Human Strongyloidiasis
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Molecular and Immnune Diagnosis: Further Testing for Human Strongyloidiasis Larissa R. Bosqui1 • Priscilla D. Marques2 • Gessica B. de Melo2 • Maria do Rosa´rio F. Gonc¸alves-Pires3 • Fernanda M. Malta2 • Wander R. Pavanelli1 • Ivete Conchon-Costa1 • Julia M. Costa-Cruz3 • Fabiana M. Paula2 • Idessania N. Costa1
Ó Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Introduction Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis larvae is particularly challenging because only a small number of larvae are released into the feces, regardless of infection stage. Objective Our objective was to apply conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to the detection of S. stercoralis DNA in feces samples to evaluate its performance in samples of patients with strongyloidiasis and compare results with those of immunodiagnosis. Methods Stool, serum, and saliva samples were collected from each individual (n = 48) at the clinic hospital of the State University of Londrina, Brazil, for parasitological, immunological, and molecular tests. Stool samples were processed via parasitological methods. Serum samples were used for immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection and saliva samples for IgA detection by ELISA. Results For amplification by conventional PCR, two different primers were used: species specific (101 bp) and genus specific (392 bp). The results showed that 34 (97.1%) of the 35 copro-positive individuals for S. & Larissa R. Bosqui [email protected] 1
Departamento de Cieˆncias Patolo´gicas, CCB, Laborato´rio de Parasitologia Experimental, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Campus Universita´rio, Londrina, PR CEP 86051-990, Brazil
2
Departamento de Mole´stias Infecciosas e Parasita´rias Hospital das Clı´nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira Ce´sar, Sa˜o Paulo, SP CEP 01246903, Brazil
3
Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Cieˆncias Biome´dicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlaˆndia, Av. Para´ 1720, Uberlaˆndia, MG CEP 38400-902, Brazil
stercoralis were positive for serum IgG and 19 (54.3%) were positive for salivary IgA. Regarding molecular analysis, both primers (species and genus specific) demonstrated positivity in 100% of the samples, which was confirmed by sequencing the positive samples. Conclusion Complementary examinations of the parasitological method demonstrated excellent results in the context of the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, especially in asymptomatic patients with irregular larval release in the feces.
Key Points Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been proven to be an important molecular technique for the diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. We obtained a 100% positive rate when screening Strongyloides stercoralis DNA using two different primers. An optimum concordance occurred between serological and molecular diagnosis (j = 0.909).
1 Introduction Gastrointestinal parasites, including helminths transmitted by the soil, may cause severe morbidities, especially
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