Molecular and serological typing of Streptococcus mutans strains isolated from young Galician population: relationship w
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Molecular and serological typing of Streptococcus mutans strains isolated from young Galician population: relationship with the oral health status Nancy Saltos Rosero 1
&
Rafael Seoane Prado 2 & Antonio Aguilera Guirao 2 & Ysabel Santos 1
Received: 22 November 2019 / Revised: 15 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Streptococcus mutans and its serotypes in samples from oral cavity of young Galician population and their relationship with the oral health state. The variables generally associated with dental caries, such as salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, eating habits, and lifestyle, were also analysed. No relationship was found between the variables studied and the presence of S. mutans in the oral cavity or the existence of dental caries. Presumptive strains of S. mutans were isolated from saliva samples from 48% of the analysed population. The use of conventional microbiological methods, API 20 Strep system, and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allowed to substantiate the identity of the strains as S. mutans. Multiplex PCR protocols, developed in this study for the simultaneous detection of S. mutans and serotypes c, e, and f and for detection of S. mutans and serotype k, also confirmed this result and demonstrated that serotype c was predominant in the studied young Galician population (86%). Serotypes e (8%), k (3%), and f (2%) were also detected. Serotype c was detected in carious and caries-free subjects, while the remaining serotypes were only found in subjects with caries. Keywords Streptococcus mutans . Oral health . Multiplex polymerase chain reaction . Serotyping
Introduction Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease caused by specific types of acid-producing bacteria that cause demineralization and destruction of the teeth (Oong et al. 2008; Xu et al. 2011). Streptococcus mutans, a member of the mutans streptococci group (MS), is considered one of the primary causative agents of dental caries in human and one of the pathogens involved with bacteraemia and infective endocarditis (Banas 2004). Early detection and identification of the
* Ysabel Santos [email protected] Nancy Saltos Rosero [email protected] 1
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Análisis Químicos y Biológicos (IAQBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Institutos Universitarios Bloque B, C/ Constantino Candeira 5, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
2
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
microorganisms is therefore important for diagnosing and preventing these infectious diseases. S. mutans identification is routinely performed by conventional microbiological methods, based on the isolation and phenotypic characterization of the isolated microorganism using standard bacteriological methods (Hirasawa and Takada 2003) or API 20 St
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