Molecular characterisation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from pigs in Kerala
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Molecular characterisation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from pigs in Kerala G. Chaithra1 • Chintu Ravishankar1 • Stephy Rose Sebastian1 • R. Rajasekhar1 R. Anoopraj2 • Binu K. Mani1 • K. Sumod1 • Chandankar Vaidehi Deorao1 • G. Logeshwaran1 • D. Nandhakumar1 • Koshy John1
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Received: 25 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 Ó Indian Virological Society 2020
Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by an arterivirus is characterised by reproductive disorders in sows, and post-weaning pneumonia and growth reduction in piglets. Though the virus has been detected in Kerala, no systematic study has been carried out to ascertain its genotype and molecular epidemiology. In the present study, 7 PRRS virus (PRRSV) positive samples collected from incidences of PRRS in Kerala during 2017–2019 were subjected to ORF5, ORF7 and Nsp2 gene based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and the specific amplicons generated were sequenced. On BLAST analysis it was revealed that all the sequences were of genotype 2 (North American genotype). Phylogenetic analysis of ORF5 sequences, grouped them under subgenotype 4 with close clustering with other isolates from Kerala, Mizoram and Assam. Nsp2 gene sequence based phylogenetic analysis grouped the isolates under subgenotype 3 with similarities to isolates from Mizoram. Phylogenetic analysis based on ORF7, clustered the isolates under study with PRRSV isolates from Mizoram and Meghalaya. In Nsp2 sequences, a 30 amino acid Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00634-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Chintu Ravishankar [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Lakkidi P.O., Wayanad 673576, Kerala, India
2
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Lakkidi P.O., Wayanad 673576, Kerala, India
discontinuous deletion was observed. On analysis of amino acid sequences of ORF5 of Kerala isolates and those from India, it was seen that the Kerala isolates showed closer similarity to PRRSV isolates from Assam than to the other Indian isolates. The study reveals that PRRSV strains prevalent in Kerala share close relationship with other PRRSV isolates in India. This may be due to spread of the virus from these regions to Kerala due to animal movement. Concerted efforts should be undertaken to check unauthorized animal movement to control spread of this economically important disease. Keywords PRRSV ORF5 ORF7 Nsp2 RT-PCR Phylogeny Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is responsible for causing reproductive failure and respiratory disorders along with an increased mortality rate of piglets, weanlings, growers and finishers. The repr
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