Molecular cytological analysis of alien introgressions in common wheat lines derived from the cross of TRITICUM AESTIVUM
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Molecular cytological analysis of alien introgressions in common wheat lines derived from the cross of TRITICUM AESTIVUM with T. kiharae Оlga Orlovskaya1* , Nadezhda Dubovets1, Lylia Solovey1 and Irina Leonova2* From Fifth International Scientific Conference “Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology” (PlantGen2019) Novosibirsk, Russia. 24-29 June 2019
Abstract Background: Triticum kiharae (AtAtGGDD, 2n = 42) is of interest for the improvement of bread wheat as a source of high grain protein and gluten content, as well as resistance to many diseases. The use of T. kiharae for the improvement of T. aestivum L. is complicated by the fact that the homology degree of their genomes is low and this leads to an unbalanced set of chromosomes in the gametes of its first generations and the elimination of some genotypes. The aim of this study was to analyze the nature of alien introgressions and their effect on the cytological stability of hybrids obtained from crossing of bread wheat varieties with T. kiharae. Results: Using C-banding, the presence of entire chromosomes of T. kiharae in the karyotypes of hybrid lines (intergenomic substitution 2G/2B), chromosome arms (centric translocation Т2AtS:2AL) and large inserts in the form of terminal translocations involving chromosomes of 1st, 3rd and 5th homoeologous groups of B- and G-genomes were found. Molecular markers revealed short introgression of T. kiharae into the genome of common wheat varieties. The highest introgression frequency was shown for 1A, 1B, 2A, 5B, and 6A chromosomes, while no foreign chromatin was detected in 4A and 4B chromosomes. A high level of cytological stability (a meiotic index of 88.18–93.0%) was noted for the majority of introgression lines. An exception was found for the lines containing the structural reorganization of chromosome 5B, affecting the main genes of chromosome synapsis in terms of their functioning. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Akademycheskaya Street 27, 220072 Minsk, Belarus 2 The Federal Research Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 630090 © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the pe
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