Monitoring of aerosols and studying its effects on the environment and humans health in Iran
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Monitoring of aerosols and studying its effects on the environment and humans health in Iran Aghil Madadi . Atefeh Hoseini Sadr . Abbas Kashani . Ata Ghaffari Gilandeh . Vahid Safarianzengir . Mohammadkia Kianian
Received: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Natural hazards affect different parts of living organisms. One of these hazards is aerosols. Addressing this issue in areas that suffer from this hazard is of critical importance. Scientific research over the past two decades has shown that aerosol particles are one of the main pollutants from the perspective of public health and health. The purpose of the present study is to monitor and model aerosol temporal and spatial variations in Iran. Aerosols or airborne particles with health effects such as heart,
vascular and respiratory diseases are associated. For this purpose, MODIS (or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and NOAA (or National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) satellite data and BTD (or Brightness Temperature Difference) were used. Given the 20-year study period (2000–2019), the output of much satellite data was divided into four five-year periods to monitor aerosols with high accuracy. The results showed that aerosol values in terms of intensity and frequency of optical
A. Madadi Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran e-mail: [email protected]
M. Kianian Desert Studies Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran e-mail: [email protected]
A. H. Sadr Department of Geography, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran e-mail: [email protected] A. Kashani V. Safarianzengir (&) Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] A. Kashani e-mail: [email protected] A. G. Gilandeh Geography and Urban and Rural Planning, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran e-mail: [email protected]
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Environ Geochem Health
depth (AOD) increased over the 20-year time series, and its intensity was higher in the last 5 years. According to the results obtained from the NODIS and NOAA satellite data and comparing their outputs, NOAA satellite data were associated with outliers, which was significantly different from the other cohort data. For this reason, the MODIS satellite image output was used to monitor aerosol images. The innovation of the present study is the use of remote sensing science to monitor the effects of aerosols on the environment and human’s health. According to the results from MODIS satellite data, the maximum optical depth (AOD) of the aerosols is for July 2003 with a value of 0.63, but according to the NOAA satellite data output, the maximum optical depth (AOD) of the aerosols is for March 2013 with a value of 2.54. As the values of aerosols increase in frequency and intensity and the areas with the highest intensity of aero
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