Mood disorders are associated with the reduction of brain derived neurotrophic factor in the hypocampus in rats submitte
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Mood disorders are associated with the reduction of brain derived neurotrophic factor in the hypocampus in rats submitted to the hipercaloric diet Rafael Tamborena Malheiros 1 & Helena Oliveira Delgado 2 & Daniel Tassinari Felber 1 & Scheila Iria Kraus 3,4 & Adair Roberto Soares dos Santos 3,4 & Vanusa Manfredini 1 & Morgana Duarte da Silva 1,4 Received: 11 November 2019 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Adipose tissue accumulation, resulting from the consumption of hypercaloric foods, can cause a dysfunction of the endocrine system. Such endocrine changes can influence the expression of various neurochemicals including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) - associated with cognitive and emotional problems. Here, we investigated the effects of a hypercaloric diet on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in young rats along with concomitant changes in BDNF expression levels in the hippocampus. Eight week-old Wistar rats (n = 20) were divided in: control diet (CD) group which received industrial food (n = 8) and hypercaloric diet (HD) group which received animal fat and soybean oil (n = 12). After 45 days on the diet, the animals were evaluated: body weight and blood biochemical analisys. Changes in mood disposition were evaluated using forced swim test and the elevated plus-maze, whereas hippocampal BDNF expression levels were quantified by ELISA. After 45 weeks, the CD group showed a significant increase in body weight relative to the HD group. However, the HD rats had a body fat percentage and exhibited increased level of the biochemical markers. Furthermore, the animals in the HD group presented increased immobility time in the forced swimming test, as well as reduced response to plus-maze test suggesting a depression- and anxiety-like emotional state. In addition, the HD group also showed lower BDNF expression levels in the hippocampus. This study demonstrates that a hypercaloric diet induced increase in adipose tissue concentration in young rats was associated with reduced hippocampal BDNF expression and resulted in an increase in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. Keywords Diet high-fat . Biochemical markers . Hippocampus . Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) . Depression . Anxiety
Highlights • Hypercaloric diet (HD) increased young rats body fat percentage. • HD increased the level of biochemical markers (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose). • The HD group presented a depression- and anxiety-like emotional state. • They also had reduced expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic fator. * Morgana Duarte da Silva [email protected] 1
Multicentric Program of Post-graduation in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Pampa, University Campus, BR 472, Km 92, Uruguaiana, RS 97500-970, Brazil
2
Graduation of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Pampa, University Campus, BR 472, Km 92, Uruguaiana, RS 97500-970, Brazil
3
Post-graduate Program in Neurosciences, Center for Biological
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