Mouse Models of RAS-Induced Tumors and Developmental Disorders

RAS oncogenes have been implicated in about one quarter of all human tumors including some of the cancers with worse prognosis such as lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and metastatic melanoma. In spite of the si

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Ras Superfamily Small G Proteins: Biology and Mechanisms 1 General Features, Signaling

Ras Superfamily Small G Proteins: Biology and Mechanisms 1

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Alfred Wittinghofer Editor

Ras Superfamily Small G Proteins: Biology and Mechanisms 1 General Features, Signaling

Editor Alfred Wittinghofer Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Dortmund Nordrhein-Westfalen Germany

ISBN 978-3-7091-1805-4 ISBN 978-3-7091-1806-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1806-1 Springer Wien Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014950055 © Springer-Verlag Wien 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Editorial Introduction

This book deals with the so-called Ras superfamily of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins whose diverse members are between 20 and 25 kDa in size and are classified by a conserved structural domain. These proteins have diverse regulatory functions and act as molecular switches. The superfamily’s name derives from the Ras protein which was identified in the 1970s of the last century as a phosphoprotein of 21 kDa encoded by the viral oncogenes found in the Ha-MuSV and KiMuSV animal retroviruses (Shih et al. 1979). Shortly thereafter it was found that these oncogenes originated from normal verteb