Nanocrystals: Characterization Overview, Applications in Drug Delivery, and Their Toxicity Concerns
- PDF / 957,908 Bytes
- 12 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 18 Downloads / 207 Views
REVIEW ARTICLE
Nanocrystals: Characterization Overview, Applications in Drug Delivery, and Their Toxicity Concerns Mohammed Asadullah Jahangir 1 & Syed Sarim Imam 2 & Abdul Muheem 3 & Ananda Chettupalli 4 & Fahad A. Al-Abbasi 5 & Muhammad Shahid Nadeem 5 & Imran Kazmi 5,6 & Muhammad Afzal 6,7 & Sultan Alshehri 2,8
Accepted: 17 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nanocrystals (NCs) are the class of solid dosage forms which utilizes the concept of nanoscience together with crystal nature of drug to achieve advantages in terms of solubility, dissolution, and physicochemical properties. Comparing with other solid dosage forms, NC often comes with so many challenges in terms of physical stability as well as chemical stability during the manufacturing process and storage. Therefore, physicochemical properties of nanocrystals, toxic effect on the human body, and application in drug delivery through the various routes of administration are critical step formulation of NCs. There are various techniques involved to ensure solid state uniformity in the NCs and its impact on therapeutic performance. This review article emphasizes on various solid-state characterization techniques that are used to evaluate NCs, their toxicity, and pharmaceutical application. Further, NC-based marketed formulation is also discussed in this review. Keywords Nanocrystal . Characterization . Solubility . Stability . Bioavailability
Introduction There are about 90% of new drug molecules categorized as poorly soluble drugs. The development of pharmaceutical formulations encounters various obstacles related to poor solubility [28]. The poorly water-soluble drugs show a limited dissolution rate and consequently lead to poor biopharmaceutical problems associated with the oral route. The drug delivery system shows variable absorption state, low bioavailability, lack of proportionality dose, retard onset of action, and high inter-patient variation [20]. To overcome these problems,
the newer technique like nanocrystal is used for the improvement of bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs [29]. The reduction of the particle size to a nanometer range provides an enhanced surface area and gives enhanced dissolution rate, saturation solubility, increased cell membranes/surface adhesiveness, and oral bioavailability [62]. Thus, nanocrystals show the fast onset of action, minimum adverse effects, high drug load, multiple administration routes, minimized drug concentration, and an overall enhancement in the safety and efficiency of the drug molecule. A novel approach based on sodium cholic acid-stabilized NCs offered a significant
* Syed Sarim Imam [email protected]; [email protected]
3
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
* Imran Kazmi [email protected]; [email protected]
4
Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Anurag University, Venkatapur, Ghatkesar, Telangana 500088, India
Data Loading...
