Nanotoxicity and Biotoxicity
The toxicity of nanoparticles seems to emerge as the main concern in the near future. This concern regards with their future reproductive possibility through self-assembly mechanisms and of their stability that may pose a risk to human health. It is worth
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Nanotoxicity and Biotoxicity
Abstract The toxicity of nanoparticles seems to emerge as the main concern in the near future. This concern regards with their future reproductive possibility through self-assembly mechanisms and of their stability that may pose a risk to human health. It is worth to note that their toxicity could be associated with their physicochemical properties like size, size distribution, charge, and surface properties. Moreover their toxicity seems to be a result of their greater total area in comparison to particles of the same mass but larger dimensions. The toxicity in molecular level is defined as biotoxicity, while the route of administration seems to be essential for their accumulation in specific organs. Their clearance from the human organism occurs via the spleen and liver. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), National Institute Of Safety and Health (NIOSH), and Environmental Protection Service realized that they should turn their attention in the nanosystem risk investigation so the appropriate safety rules and regulatory framework should be developed. However, vigilance in the approval of nanotechnological products was an emerging issue, and the manufactures and the regulatory agencies should act appropriately. Keywords Fat and sticky fingers • Biotoxicity • Nanotoxicity • Nanosystem risk investigation • Environmental Protection Service
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Toxicity and Safety of Nanosystems Toxicity and Safety of Nanotechnological Products
Regarding the safety of human health from the use of nanotechnological products (nanosystems and nanodevices), there are objections and controversies. These controversies function in a positive way and are beneficial – when they do not use methods that lead to rejection of scientific product application in everyday life [16]. It is obvious that particle size reduction leads to better and greater permeability to human tissues, resulting in passage to systemic circulation and possibly selectively accumulation in organs and tissues. This is an initial evaluation that has references and citations.
© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 C. Demetzos, Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0791-0_6
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Nanotoxicity and Biotoxicity
The great concern does not regard the conventional nanostructure toxicity but their future reproductive possibility through self-assembly mechanisms and developing nanosystems of great stability that may pose a risk to human health. Richard Smalley, Nobel prized (1996) who discovered fullerene (carbon nanostructures), is reassuring and considers that this is possible to happen. Barriers closely related to manipulation of nanomaterials that prevent the construction and the development of reproducible nanostructures are the following: • Fat fingers • Sticky or colloidal fingers Nanostructure development requires interaction between atoms not only neighbor atoms but distant ones as well [4]. The production of such nanostructures requires robotic nature high technology application that based on techn
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