Natural and Low-Cost P. turgidum for Efficient Adsorption of Hg(II) Ions from Contaminated Solution: Isotherms and Kinet
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Natural and Low‑Cost P. turgidum for Efficient Adsorption of Hg(II) Ions from Contaminated Solution: Isotherms and Kinetics Studies A. Hashem1 · M. A. Sanousy2 · Latifa A. Mohamed3 · Patrick U. Okoye4 · B. H. Hameed5
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Mercury (II) ions (Hg(II)), a potent heavy metal water pollutant, was efficiently removed using a novel adsorbent prepared from Panicum turgidum roots by facile drying. The experimental conditions such as the solution pH, temperature, contact time, and Hg(II) ions initial concentration were screened in the adsorption experiment. The results revealed that the P. turgidum-Hg(II) ions adsorption system was promoted by the high density of active sites and the adsorption process is independent of the adsorbent surface area. Hence, maximum adsorption capacity of 333.33 mg/g of Hg(II) ions was achieved at 30 °C. The adsorption experimental data for isotherm and kinetic studies best fitted the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first-order model with R2 of 0.985 and 0.991, respectively. The results indicate that P. turgidum can efficiently remove Hg(II) ions from contaminated solutions and a potential wastewater treatment adsorbent. Keywords Mercury(II) ions · Adsorption · Panicum turgidum · Kinetics · Isotherms
Introduction Mercury is a naturally occurring mineral with wide applications in electricity generation, plastics, metallurgy, electronic and alkali industries [1]. There are two major oxidation states namely: Hg+1(Hg(I)) and Hg+2(Hg(II)). Mercury sulfide (HgS) is used in the clinical traditional medicine of Chinese and Indians for therapeutic purposes [1]. However, the insolubility of mercury in aqueous solution casts doubt on its therapeutic effect, hence, it is possibly unreactive with any cell receptors. The burning of fossil fuels and wastes containing mercury results in the release of mercury in the * A. Hashem [email protected] 1
Textile Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
2
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
3
Microbial Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
4
Laboratorio de Bioenergía, Instituto de Energías Renovables (IER-UNAM), 62580 Temixco, Morelos, Mexico
5
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
flue gas. The mercury in flue gas exists in three recalcitrant forms including oxidized, particulate, and elemental mercury [2]. Notably, the coal-fired plants release huge amounts of anthropogenic mercury, which contributes to the largest emission of mercury from flue gas [3, 4]. Furthermore, reported studies have revealed bioaccumulation of mercury in humans and animals, which is traceable to the discharge of effluents into the natural water by industries using mercury for production [5, 6]. The Hg(II) mercury oxidation state is highly toxic and widely contaminates plants and animals and its bioaccumulation would result in se
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