Negative impacts of invasive predators used as biological control agents against the pest snail Lissachatina fulica : th
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REVIEW
Negative impacts of invasive predators used as biological control agents against the pest snail Lissachatina fulica: the snail Euglandina ‘rosea’ and the flatworm Platydemus manokwari Justin Gerlach . Gary M. Barker . Cindy S. Bick . Philippe Bouchet . Gilianne Brodie . Carl C. Christensen . Timothy Collins . Trevor Coote . Robert H. Cowie . G. Curt Fiedler . Owen L. Griffiths . F. B. Vincent Florens . Kenneth A. Hayes . Jaynee Kim . Jean-Yves Meyer . Wallace M. Meyer III . Ira Richling . John D. Slapcinsky . Leigh Winsor . Norine W. Yeung Received: 1 March 2020 / Accepted: 8 December 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Since 1955 snails of the Euglandina rosea species complex and Platydemus manokwari flatworms were widely introduced in attempted biological control of giant African snails (Lissachatina fulica) but have been implicated in the mass extinction of Pacific island snails. We review the histories of the 60 introductions and their impacts on L. fulica and native
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at (https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10530-020-02436-w). J. Gerlach (&) 133 Cherry Hinton Road, Cambridge CB1 7BX, UK e-mail: [email protected] G. M. Barker Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand C. S. Bick University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA P. Bouchet Muse´um national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France G. Brodie Institute of Applied Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
snails. Since 1993 there have been unofficial releases of Euglandina within island groups. Only three official P. manokwari releases took place, but new populations are being recorded at an increasing rate, probably because of accidental introduction. Claims that these predators controlled L. fulica cannot be substantiated; in some cases pest snail declines coincided with predator arrival but concomitant declines occurred elsewhere in the absence of the predator and the declines in some cases were only temporary. In the Hawaiian Islands, although there had been some C. C. Christensen K. A. Hayes J. Kim W. M. Meyer III N. W. Yeung Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI, USA T. Collins Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA T. Coote B.P. 44 921, Fare Tony, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia R. H. Cowie Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA G. C. Fiedler Division of Natural Sciences, Biology, University of Guam, Mangilao, GUAM, USA
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earlier declines of native snails, the Euglandina impacts on native snails are clear with rapid decline of many endemic Hawaiian Achatinellinae following predator arrival. In the Society Islands, Partulidae tree snail populations remained stable until Euglandina introduction, when declines were extremely rapid with an exact correspondence between predator arrival and tree snail decline. Platydemus manokwari invasion coincides with native snail declines on s
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