Nematode community structure in relation to metals in the southern of Caspian Sea
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Nematode community structure in relation to metals in the southern of Caspian Sea Kazem Darvish Bastami1*, Mehrshad Taheri1, Maryam Yazdani Foshtomi1, Sarah Haghparast2, Ali Hamzehpour1, Hossein Bagheri1, Marjan Esmaeilzadeh3, Neda Molamohyeddin4 1 Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Tehran 1411813389, Iran 2 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
University, Sari 578, Iran 3 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran 4 Department of Marine Science and Technology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855,
Iran Received 10 May 2016; accepted 3 August 2016 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017
Abstract
Spatial distribution and structure of nematode assemblages in coastal sediments of the southern part of the Caspian Sea were studied in relation to environmental factors. By considering metals, organic matter, Shannon diversity index (H), maturity index (MI) and trophic diversity (ITD), ecological quality status of sediment was also determined. Fifteen nematode species belonging to eleven genera were identified at the sampling sites. Average density of nematode inhabiting in sediment of the studied area was 139.78±98.91 (ind. per 15.20 cm2). According to redundancy analysis (RDA), there was high correlation between metals and some species. Based on biological indicators, the studied area had different environmental quality. Generally, chemical and biological indices showed different results while biological indices displayed similar results in more sites. Key words: free-living nematodes, metal, ecological quality status, the Caspian Sea Citation: Kazem Darvish Bastami, Mehrshad Taheri, Maryam Yazdani Foshtomi, Sarah Haghparast, Ali Hamzehpour, Hossein Bagheri,Marjan Esmaeilzadeh, Neda Molamohyeddin. 2017. Nematode community structure in relation to metals in the southern of Caspian Sea.Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 36(10): 1–8, doi: 10.1007/s13131-017-1051-x
1 Introduction The Caspian Sea, which regards as 40% to 44% of the total lacustrine waters of the world, is still under debate to be ascribed as a sea or a lake. Owing to high biodiversity, the sea is regarded as one of the most valuable ecosystems on the earth. The Caspian Sea, as a closed water body, has a high level of endemism which is remarkably evident in its fauna. Various features of the sea, such as the presence of shallow areas, several deep depressions and a wide range of salinities from 0.1‰ to 13‰ offer different ecological niches which give rise to high species diversity. In most marine meiobenthic habitats, nematodes are numerically the dominant animal group and have wide distribution, inhabiting in pristine to extremely polluted habitats. Usually, 70%–90% of the meiobenthic metazoan abundance is dedicated to nematodes in marine sediments, where they play major ec
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