New biogeographic distribution record of phytophagous syrphid, Eumerus vestitus Bezzi, its biosystematics, host preferen
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
New biogeographic distribution record of phytophagous syrphid, Eumerus vestitus Bezzi, its biosystematics, host preferences and association behavior S. S. Anooj 1
&
V. Kalia 1 & G. K. Krishna 2,3 & K. D. Ghopade 4
Received: 9 May 2019 / Accepted: 6 January 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract Eumerus is an agriculturally important speciose genus of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) possessing obscure taxonomic status with less information available on its diversity and ecology especially in the Oriental region. We report the first ever distribution record of Eumerus vestitus Bezzi 1912 from the Oriental region. Also this is the first report of E. vestitus Bezzi feeding on fruits of tomato. Association of E. vestitus Bezzi with Atherigona orientalis Schiner, which shared the same larval niche, was discussed. The species was redescribed with illustration of male and female specimens including the male genitalia. The species identity was reconfirmed with DNA barcoding by sequencing the 5/region of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI-5P). The evolutionary history inferred by constructing a phylogenetic tree using Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model showed that E. vestitus Bezzi clustered with E. obliquus (Fab.) thus reconfirming, by molecular means, the evolutionary affinity of the species with the E. obliquus species complex. Keywords Distributionrecord . Atherigonaorientalis . Eumerus obliquus . DNA barcoding . Tomato . Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I
Introduction The family Syrphidae, consisting of hoverflies, have many saprophytic and phytophagous genus of which Eumerus is a speciose genus showing saprophagy as well as phytophagy.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00100-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * S. S. Anooj [email protected] 1
Division of Entomology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi 110012, India
2
Department of Plant Physiology, NMIMS-School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
3
Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delh, Delhi 110012, India
4
Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharward, Karnataka 580 008, India
With more than 250 species recorded worldwide (Pape and Thompson 2015), this oldworld genus is considered as a basal hoverfly taxon (Rotheray and Gilbert 1999). Majority of the species are Palearctic in origin, while the Oriental region has 34 species (Marinoni and Morales 2007). The black and red or black coloured adults are small to medium in size with many species having golden pollinosity on head and thorax and lunate spots on the abdomen. They have characteristic wing venation where anterior cross vein is at or beyond middle of the cell dm and vein M1 strongly angulate
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