Nicotiana rustica L. Nicotiana tabacum L. Solanaceae
Nicotiana rustica L.: Nicotiana pavonii Dunal
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Synonyms Nicotiana rustica L.: Nicotiana pavonii Dunal Nicotiana tabacum L.: Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. ex Lehm.; Nicotiana mexicana Schltdl.; Nicotiana mexicana var. rubriflora Dunal; Nicotiana pilosa Dunal
Local Names Nicotiana tabacum: Kikuyu: Kibaki, Mbaki (Beentje 1994; Gachati 1989; Kokwaro 2009)
R. W. Bussmann (*) Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia e-mail: [email protected] N. Y. Paniagua-Zambrana Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Herbario Nacionál de Bolivia, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia G. N. Njoroge Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agricultura and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 R. W. Bussmann (ed.), Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Africa, Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77086-4_113-1
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R. W. Bussmann et al.
Botany and Ecology Nicotiana rusticaI L.: Annual. Stem over 1 m tall, herbaceous, glandular-pilose branching almost from the base. Leaves all petiolate, soft, slightly fleshy, ovate, usually obtuse, rarely acute, with cordate base. Flowers in racemose panicle on short pedicels. Calyx broadly campanulate, 6–10 mm long, with broad triangular lobes. Corolla 1.5–2 cm long, with broad whitish tube and greenish yellow, flat, narrow limb with broad, ovate-triangular obtuse lobes. Capsule subglobose, with numerous extremely small, brown, ovoid seeds. Flowering from July to September. Cultivated in fields and kitchen gardens. South America (native in Peru); cultivated in all countries with tropical and subtropical climate and the more southern regions of the Temperate Zone (Shishkin and Boborov 1955). Nicotiana tabacum L.: Annual. Stem 0.75–1.5 m tall, herbaceous, simple or with few branches, with glandular pubescence. Leaves alternate, entire; basal leaves narrowly elliptical, decurrent along stem; upper leaves narrowly lanceolate, longacuminate, sessile or short petiolate. Flowers in cymose panicles on short pedicels. Calyx 1–2 cm long, campanulate, with acute narrowly triangular teeth. Corolla 5–6 cm long, red or pink, rarely white, infundibuliform, with long and broad spreading limb, lobes broadly triangular, with sharply pointed tip. Capsule ellipsoidal-ovoid, apiculate. Seeds ovoid-reniform, very small. Flowering July– September, fruiting from September. Cultivated in fields and kitchen gardens (Shishkin and Boborov 1955) (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7).
Phytochemistry Alkaloids (nicotine, nicoteine, nicotelline, nicotinin, betanin, i-amigdalin, pyrrolidine, n-methyl pyrrolidine), fatty acids (palmitic, butyric, and linoleic acids, stearic) (Sokolov 1990).
Nicotiana rustica L. . . .
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Fig. 1 Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae), garden, Chilchos, Peru. (Photo R.W: Bussmann & N.Y. PaniaguaZambrana)
Local Medicinal Uses Nicotiana rustica: The l
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