A Novel Elliptical Ring Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications
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A Novel Elliptical Ring Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra‑Wideband Applications Manisha Gupta1 · Kevin Kipruto Mutai2 · Vinita Mathur3 · Deepak Bhatnagar1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper proposes a new ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna. The proposed antenna is designed for operation from 3 to 15 GHz. It consists of a Sierpinski fractal based ellipse etched onto the radiating patch and a rectangular defected ground structure in the ground plane. Details of the proposed antenna as well as with variations in design variables are presented and the results discussed. Keywords Microstrip antenna · Ultra-wideband · Sierpinski fractal · Defected ground structure
1 Introduction Communication systems have recently developed to require a variety of frequencies for successful operation. This means that modern systems should be able to provide multiple frequency bands for communication therefore necessitating the design and fabrication of multiband antennas. A further requirement for modern antennas is for them to have good multi-directional performance thereby bringing up the need for circular polarization. Also, due to growth in popularity of portable communication systems, modern antenna designs take size into consideration while trying to maintain a good performance. Microstrip patch antennas have become the main type of antenna that can address the majority of the requirements outlined. The structure of a microstrip patch antenna includes a conducting ground and radiating patch with a dielectric substrate between the two and a feed connected to the radiating patch. Microstrip patch antennas are compact and cheap to manufacture [1]. Although microstrip patch antennas have gained popularity due to their compactness and low profile; however, they do have some disadvantages such as a low return loss, low bandwidth and low gain [2]. Current demands of antenna designs for use in portable systems require a size reduction while simultaneously maintaining a high performance. There are several techniques that can * Manisha Gupta [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
2
Telecommunications Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya
3
Department of Electronics and Communication, JECRC Jaipur, Jaipur, India
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be used to improve the performance parameters of microstrip patch antennas. One of these techniques is using a defected ground structure (DGS) to improve performance by introducing an imperfection to the ground plane of the antenna [3]. The introduction of a DGS to the ground plane changes the inductive and capacitive characteristics of the transmission line resulting in multiple resonant frequencies to allow multi-band operation [4]. it is seen that DGS structures can be introduced to improve the bandwidth of a microstrip patch antenna [5, 6]. In the first scenario, a psi-shaped DGS was introduced to the ground plane which had the effect o
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