Numerical Study of the Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Process in a Subtropical Water Reservoir: the Impacts of Stor
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Numerical Study of the Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Process in a Subtropical Water Reservoir: the Impacts of Storms and Winds Xinchen Wang 1,2 & Hong Zhang 1,2
&
Edoardo Bertone 1,2
&
Rodney A. Stewart 1,2
&
Kelvin O’Halloran 3
Received: 31 December 2019 / Accepted: 2 June 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model was developed to investigate the thermodynamic and sediment processes in a subtropical drinking water reservoir. Data-driven models were also established to generate the inflow conditions. The modelling outputs revealed that climatic forces such as storms and winds significantly impact lake stratification and mixing processes. The sediment transport is driven by storm events, during which sediment delivery to the reservoir is dominated by allochthonous flux. The sediments are transported from riverine zones to transition zones and finally to lacustrine zones. It is estimated that sediment accumulation could have reached 100,000 kg during the largest storm event in February 2015. The winds can lead to a strong vertical water cycle, especially at the centre of the reservoir, and strong winds result in bed erosion in shallow regions. The outcomes of this paper benefit future research by providing a modelling approach for understanding the hydrodynamics of lakes and reservoirs under a variable climate, and also the local water utility by providing insights for an improved management of the reservoir of this study. Keywords Lake dynamics . Numerical modelling . Sediment transport . Water treatment
1 Introduction Aquatic systems in reservoirs are dynamic, complex and influenced by both internal and external forces and processes. The interaction between meteorological, hydrological, hydrodynamic, thermodynamic and ecological processes may influence water quality within a reservoir temporally and spatially,
Highlights • Coupled data-driven and numerical model of a shallow water reservoir. • Storm and winds have significant impacts on the lake stratification and mixing processes. • Sediment transport dominated by allochthonous flux during storms. • Strong winds result in the bed erosion in shallow regions of the lake. * Hong Zhang [email protected] 1
School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
2
Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
3
Field Services, Seqwater, 117 Brisbane St., Ipswich, Queensland 4305, Australia
in both horizontal and vertical directions [1, 2]. Water temperature and sediment concentration are two important parameters that influence water quality in aquatic ecosystems [3–7]. Water temperature in lakes affects chemical reaction rates, the dissolved oxygen (DO) content of water, aquatic flora and fauna growth rates and mortality [3]. Sediments in water, on the other hand, can affect the physical and chemical environments of the water column through their transport [8]. Sediment transport also influences the c
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