One-Dimensional Nanostructures
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanowires, nanotubes and quantum wires, have been regarded as the most promising building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Worldwide efforts in both the theory and the experimental
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LECTURE NOTES IN NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Series Editors: Zhiming M. Wang, Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA Andreas Waag, Institut für Halbleitertechnik, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany Gregory Salamo, Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA Naoki Kishimoto, Quantum Beam Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Volumes Published in this Series: Volume 1: Self-Assembled Quantum Dots, Wang, Z.M., 2008 Volume 2: Nanoscale Phenomena: Basic Science to Device Applications, Tang, Z., and Sheng, P., 2008 Volume 3: One-Dimensional Nanostructures, Wang, Z.M., 2008 Forthcoming Titles: B-C-N Nanotubes and Related Nanostructures, Yap, Y.K., 2008 Towards Functional Nanomaterials, Wang, Z.M., 2008 Epitaxial Semiconductor Nanostructures, Wang, Z.M., and Salamo, G., 2008
One-Dimensional Nanostructures
Zhiming M. Wang Editor
University of Arkansas Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Series Editors: Zhiming M. Wang Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville, AR USA
Andreas Waag Institut f¨ur Halbleitertechnik TU Braunsweig Braunschweig Germany Naoki Kishimoto Quantum Beam Center National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
Gregory Salamo Department of Physics University of Arkansas Fayetteville, AR USA
ISBN 978-0-387-74131-4
e-ISBN 978-0-387-74132-1
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008927188 c 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Preface
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures represent a group of nanomaterials with highly anisotropic morphologies, the smallest dimension falling in the range of 1–100 nm. Typical examples of 1D nanostructures include nanowires and nanotubes. Semiconductor nanowires are characterized by the efficient transport of electrons and excitons, and have been regarded as the most promising building block for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Nanosystems can be built from these elements using metallic nanowires as interconnects. Carbon nanotubes, either semiconducting or metallic, are mechanically robust and chemically stable, suggesting numerous potential applications in nanoelectronics. The growth, characterization, and applications of 1D nanos
