Optimisation of Operatory Conditions for Synthesis of Sunflower Oil Biobased Polyols Using Design of Experiments and Spe
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Optimisation of Operatory Conditions for Synthesis of Sunflower Oil Biobased Polyols Using Design of Experiments and Spectroscopic Methods R. Irinislimane1,2 · N. Belhaneche‑Bensemra2 Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The present work studies the synthesis of biopolyols based on epoxidized sunflower oil (ESFO) and obtained via alcoholysis reaction. The ring opening reaction ESFO (with an oxirane index: O.O% of 6.2%) was carried using an alcohol solution and boron trifluoride (as catalyst). The operatory conditions of synthesis were optimized using a design of experiment (DOE). Alcohol content, catalyst percent as well as temperature were varied according to a JMP software matrix. Reaction conversion was followed by determination of the decrease of epoxy ring using titration method as well as an increase of the hydrox‑ ide group. The synthesized polyols were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The results showed that oxirane ring has totally disappeared (in some formulations) which means full conversion. The full factorial design is an efficient method for testing the effect of operatory conditions especially in limiting the number of synthesis experiments. Keywords Biopolyols · Synthesis · Full factorial design · Sunflower oil derivatives · Oxirane index and hydroxyl number
Introduction Conventional plastics are widely used in all domains and their demand is rising so fast. However, these plastics resist biodegradation because of their structure and chemical com‑ position, even at appropriate environmental conditions. So, the use of biodegradable polymers is a perfect solution to prevent the amassing of solid wastes and thus resolving envi‑ ronment problems caused by conventional plastics deposits. On the other hand, the use of renewable resources instead of petrochemical ones reduces global warming caused by the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere [1]. Therefore, protection and environmental performance are currently the main argument behind the development of biodegradable polymers. These polymers can be natural, * N. Belhaneche‑Bensemra [email protected] 1
Faculté de Sciences, Université M’Hamed BOUGARA, Siège (Ex-INIL), 35000 Boumerdès, Algeria
Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Environnement, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique, BP 182, El‑Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
2
those that are biosynthesized by various pathways in the bio‑ sphere (proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids and lipids) or synthetics made from renewable materials such as poly‑ hydroxy alkanoates (PHAs), poly lactic acids (PLAs) and starch polymers [1–4]. Among synthetic polymers that have become of essen‑ tial use in several domains, polyurethanes have invaded industrial, domestic and biomedical applications. They are obtained from the association of a multifunctional alcohol (polyol) with diisocyanate or polyisocyanate. These polyols can be synt
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