Optimized ALD-derived MgO coating layers enhancing silicon anode performance for lithium ion batteries
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Optimized ALD-derived MgO coating layers enhancing silicon anode performance for lithium ion batteries Xia Tai1, Xifei Li2,a), Alibek Kakimov3, Shiyu Li3, Wen Liu3, Jianwei Li3, Jie Xu1, Dejun Li1, Xueliang Sun4 1
Tianjin International Joint Research Centre of Surface Technology for Energy Storage Materials, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China 2 Tianjin International Joint Research Centre of Surface Technology for Energy Storage Materials, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; and Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, China 3 Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, China 4 Tianjin International Joint Research Centre of Surface Technology for Energy Storage Materials, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, China; and Nanomaterials and Energy Lab, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: xfl[email protected] Received: 10 February 2019; accepted: 8 April 2019
In this work, atomic layer deposition (ALD), as a novel strategy, has been applied to deposit MgO on nano-sized porous Si (pSi) dendrites obtained by etching Al–Si alloy for LIBs. The reversible specific capacity of pSi@MgO electrode is 969.4 mA h/g after 100 cycles at 100 mA/g between 0.01 and 1.5 V, and it presents the discharge specific capacities of 1253.0, 885.5, 642.4, 366.2, and 101.4 mA h/g at 100, 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 mA/g, respectively. What is more, it delivers a high reversible capacity of 765.1 mA h/g even at 500 mA/g after 200 cycles. The performance improvement can be attributed to the protection of the MgO layer and built-in space of porous Si for volume expansion upon cycling. These results illustrate that ALD derived coating is a powerful strategy to enhance electrical properties of anode materials with huge volume change for lithium-ion batteries.
Introduction With the development of portable electronic devices and electric cars, the lithium-ion batteries become the primary technology [1, 2]. In order to adapt the growing energy needs, high energy density and long-term cycling stability have become the major selection criteria for lithium-batteries electrode materials. Some cathode and anode materials with high capacity including metal oxides (e.g., Fe2O3 and CuO), Li–Sn, Li–Ge, and Li–Si alloys provide superior performance compared to the traditional commercial graphite electrode (372 mA h/g) [3–7]. Among these materials, Si has been regarded as the most promising candidate material for a high theoretical spec
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