Paddy soil nutrients and stoichiometric ratios as affected by anthropogenic activities during long-term tillage process
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SOILS, SEC 1 • SOIL ORGANIC MATTER DYNAMICS AND NUTRIENT CYCLING • RESEARCH ARTICLE
Paddy soil nutrients and stoichiometric ratios as affected by anthropogenic activities during long-term tillage process in Chengdu Plain Lei Du 1 & Xizhou Zhang 1 & Zicheng Zheng 1 & Tingxuan Li 1 & Yongdong Wang 1 & Huagang Huang 1 & Haiying Yu 1 & Daihua Ye 1 & Tao Liu 1 Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 9 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Being the most widespread soil in the Chengdu Plain in Sichuan Basin, China, paddy soil has a great importance in agriculture and ecology. Anthropogenic activities alter the concentrations and stoichiometric ratios (C:N, C:P, and N:P) of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in paddy soil. This study aims to investigate whether the cycling of C, N, and P in paddy soil is influenced by cropping system and pedogenic process (the subtype of paddy soil). Materials and methods In this study, we collected 1080 soil samples at 0–20 cm from five cropping systems (rice monoculture (RM), vegetable monoculture (VM), rice and vegetable rotation (RVR), rice and wheat rotation (RWR), rice and oilseed rape rotation (ROR)) and six subtypes (bleached paddy soil (BPS), gleyed paddy soil (GPS), percogenic paddy soil (PPS), degleyed paddy soil (DPS), submergienc paddy soil (SPS), and hydromorphic paddy soil (HPS)) of paddy soil in Chengdu. Soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (TN), and soil total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were determined to calculate the stoichiometric ratios. Results and discussion Our results indicated that the concentrations of SOC, TN, and TP of paddy soil were higher than those of cropland on a global scale. There are similar stoichiometric ratios between paddy soil in Chengdu Plain and the cropland in the global scale. The cropping system and subtype significantly altered the soil nutrient concentrations and stoichiometric ratios. The concentrations of soil TN under rotation systems (RV, RW, and RO) were significantly higher than those of VM. The soil with the subtypes of BPS and GPS were related to low TP concentration. Conclusions The cropping system of VM showed soil N consumption compared with the traditional cropping system (rotation systems, such as RV, RW, and RO). In addition, subtype also significantly influenced the element balance in paddy soil. The balance of soil C, N, and P is mainly affected by fertilizer application of N and P. Keywords Soil stoichiometric ratios . Anthropogenic activities . Cropping system . Soil subtype . Chengdu Plain . Paddy soil
1 Introduction As an important production base of agricultural products, Chengdu Plain plays an important role in agricultural production in Sichuan Province. Paddy soil is the most widespread
Responsible editor: Weixin Ding * Xizhou Zhang [email protected] 1
College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
type of soil in Chengdu Plain and shows a great importance to agriculture and ecology. As
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