Perceived work stress, overcommitment, balance in everyday life, individual factors, self-rated health and work ability
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(2020) 78:132
RESEARCH
Open Access
Perceived work stress, overcommitment, balance in everyday life, individual factors, self-rated health and work ability among women and men in the public sector in Sweden – a longitudinal study Carita Håkansson1* , Gunvor Gard2 and Agneta Lindegård3
Abstract Background: The aim was to investigate whether perceived work stress, overcommiment, balance in everyday life, individual factors and self-rated health in combination predict work ability among women and men in the public sector in Sweden. Methods: A sample was randomly selected from the employee records of the participating public health care organisation in Western Sweden. In total, 2223 employees were included and answered a postal survey twice, at a 2 year interval. The survey included questions about work ability, perceived work stress, overcommitment, balance in everyday life, individual factors and self-rated health. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for work ability were estimated using logistic regression. Results: Imbalance in everyday life and overcommitment predicted reduced work ability in women and imbalance in everyday life and low educational level predicted reduced work ability in men. However, when poor self-rated health was added to the models this was the strongest predictor of work ability for both genders. Conclusion: A combination of poor self-rated health, imbalance in everyday life, and overcommitment predicted reduced work ability. This multifactorial nature of work ability should be taken into account in health promotion programmes. Keywords: Imbalance in everyday life, Overcommitment, Work ability
Background Stress-related or mental disorders are the most common cause of sick leave in Sweden [1]. In recent years, the sick leave rate and stress-related disorders have increased most among women working within healthcare, teaching, social work, schools, child care, and care of the * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
elderly [2]. To promote health and prevent sick leave, it is important to explore factors predicting work ability. Work ability is defined as the capacity to perform tasks as a function of job demands and the employee’s state of health and competence [3]. Work ability is the result of multifactorial and complex interactions, and psychosocial stressors are some of its strongest predictors [3]. One theoretical model applied to the study of psychosocial stressors is the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model, which includes effort, reward and
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