Phosphorus Extraction with Soil Test Methods Affected by Soil P Sorption Capacity
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Phosphorus Extraction with Soil Test Methods Affected by Soil P Sorption Capacity Gilmar Luiz Mumbach 1 & Luciano Colpo Gatiboni 2 & Daniel João Dall’Orsoletta 3 Patrícia Pretto Pessotto 1 & Clovisson Menotti Boeira de Oliveira 5
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Djalma Eugênio Schmitt 4
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Received: 17 January 2020 / Accepted: 30 April 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the phosphorus (P) extraction ability of the methods Mehlich 1 (M-1), Mehlich 3 (M-3), anion exchange resin in strips (AER-ST), and anion exchange resin in spheres (AER-SP), as a function of clay content, P rates, and incubation time. Experimental units were built with 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of clay and five different phosphorus rates as follows: 0, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg P kg−1, with subsequent incubation for 0, 30, and 90 days. After that, the samples were subjected to the analysis of extractable P using the M-1, M-3, AER-ST, and AER-SP extractors. All P extraction methods evaluated were sensitive to clay content and to the amount of added P. The input of P increased the recovery of this nutrient by all extractors, but this was less effective when the clay content of the soil was increased. In general, the ability of phosphorus extraction from the soil followed the order: M-1 > AER-SP > M-3 > AER-ST. The longer contact time of P with the soil, lower is the extracted P content, regardless of the extraction method, this being more evident in clayey soils. All extraction methods tested are sensitive to clay content, incubation time, and to the P concentration applied. Keywords Buffer capacity . Mehlich 1 and Mehlich 3 . Anion exchange resin
1 Introduction The predominant soils in Brazil present a high degree of weathering and a high P adsorption ability (Bortoluzzi et al. 2015; Roy et al. 2017; Withers et al. 2018). The P added to the soil might be adsorbed with a high degree of affinity between the element and the soil particle (Roy et al. 2017; Cheng et al.
* Gilmar Luiz Mumbach [email protected] 1
Department of Soil Science and Natural Resources, Soil Science Post Graduation Program, Santa Catarina State University, 2090 Luiz de Camões Avenue, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil
2
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
3
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (155424/2018-1), 2090 Luiz de Camões Avenue, Lages, SC, Brazil
4
Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forest, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
5
Department of Soil Science and Natural Resources, Soil Science Post Graduation Program, 2090 Luiz de Camões Avenue, Lages, SC, Brazil
2019), resulting in low nutrient efficiency and a high dependence on the input of fertilizers (CQFS – RS/SC 2016; Menezes-Blackburn et al. 2017). The interpretation of the availability of P in soils in the South of Brazil is performed through the Mehlich 1 (M-1) and Mehlich 3 (M-3) extractors (CQFS – RS/SC 2016). The M-1 is easily used and prese
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