Photosynthetic characteristics of Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda) Hwang & Choi measured using Diving-PAM in the Jindo-Haena
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23RD INTERNATIONAL SEAWEED SYMPOSIUM, JEJU
Photosynthetic characteristics of Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda) Hwang & Choi measured using Diving-PAM in the Jindo-Haenam region on the southwestern coast of the Korean Peninsula Jeong Bae Kim 1
&
Won-Chan Lee 1 & Hyung Chul Kim 1 & Sokjin Hong 1
Received: 27 July 2019 / Revised and accepted: 11 November 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Jeollanam-do in the Republic of Korea is home to 94% of the nation’s seaweed aquaculture production, and the Jindo-Haenam region on the coast of Jeollanam-do is mostly occupied by Pyropia farms that are experiencing nutrient deficiencies and reduced seaweed growth. To understand the causes of these problems, we examined the relationships between chemical parameters and the photosynthetic efficiency of Pyropia yezoensis by analyzing its morphological characteristics, C and N concentrations, C and N stable isotope ratios, and photosynthetic pigments in the Jindo-Haenam region. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) concentrations in seawater and N in P. yezoensis thalli were 4.01–4.45 μM, 0.16–0.38 μM, and 36.9–57.0 mg DW g−1, respectively, generally meeting the minimum demand for the growth of Pyropia. The maximum electron transfer rate was 9.6 ± 1.5 (4.5–15.0) μmol electrons m−2 s−1, with most measured values being low, except at some survey stations; St. 10 and 11 also had low photosynthetic efficiencies of 0.03–0.05. Survey stations in the southwestern portion of the study area had nutrient levels below the minimum demand for Pyropia growth due to intensive P. yezoensis farming, and the photosynthetic efficiency of the algae was also low in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to restructure the farm facilities and reduce the area of Pyropia farming in the Jindo-Haenam region because the productivity of Pyropia farms is decreasing due to production in excess of the nutrient availability. Keywords Pyropia yezoensis . Photosynthetic characteristics . Diving-PAM . Chlorosis
Introduction Seaweed aquaculture production in Korea in 2013 was 1,131,305 t, accounting for over 70% of the total shallowsea aquaculture production, 36% of which was from the culture of Pyropia, with an annual production of 405,525 t (Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries 2014). Jeollanam-do Province in Korea is home to 88% (998,630 t) of the nation’s seaweed aquaculture production. The production of Pyropia from this region constitutes 28% (314,137 t). The JindoHaenam region of Jeollanam-do on the southwestern coast of the Korean Peninsula covers a water area of 196,412,492 m2, which includes 20,401,480 m2 of Pyropia farms (10.4%
* Jeong Bae Kim [email protected] 1
Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea
of the water area of the region, comprising 231,835 pcs of 2.2 × 40-m farms) (NFRDI 2011). Water circulation in this region is influenced by the semidiurnal tide, with the flood tide running in a northwest direction and the ebb tide in a southeast direction. In addition to circulati
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