Genetic diversity and distribution pattern of economic seaweeds Pyropia yezoensis and Py. suborbiculata (Bangiales, Rhod
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23RD INTERNATIONAL SEAWEED SYMPOSIUM, JEJU
Genetic diversity and distribution pattern of economic seaweeds Pyropia yezoensis and Py. suborbiculata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) in the northwest Pacific Young Ho Koh 1 & Myung Sook Kim 1 Received: 26 July 2019 / Revised and accepted: 29 October 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Pyropia yezoensis and Py. suborbiculata have been traditionally important for marine aquaculture as food resources in the northwest Pacific region. We conducted molecular analyses using plastid rbcL and mitochondrial COI-5P markers to identify their genetic diversity hotspot using samples collected from various locations of the northwest Pacific region as well as genetic information obtained from a public repository, representing specimens around the world. In the rbcL result, Py. yezoensis was separated into 19 haplotypes, and Py. suborbiculata was separated into 26 haplotypes. In COI-5P, 5 and 14 haplotypes were revealed in Py. yezoensis and Py. suborbiculata, respectively. We discovered a large number of haplotypes of Py. yezoensis in Hokkaido of Japan and high genetic diversity of Py. suborbiculata in the East Sea. Interestingly, Py. yezoensis and Py. suborbiculata showed unique haplotypes in the eastern coast of Korea. The distinction of haplotype composition between the East Sea and those of other regions in the northwest Pacific could be due to the divergence from environmental isolation of the East Sea during the Last Glacial Maximum. Our results show that the East Sea including Hokkaido of Japan is an important genetic diversity hotspot of Py. yezoensis and Py. suborbiculata and needs to be further monitored for conservation. Keywords Distribution pattern . Genetic diversity . Northwest Pacific . Pyropia suborbiculata . Pyropia yezoensis
Introduction Foliose Bangiales are widespread economic red algae across the world from tropical to Arctic/Antarctic marine environments (Sutherland et al. 2011; Yang et al. 2017; Guiry and Guiry 2019). Although foliose Bangiales were originally represented by the genus Porphyra C. Agardh alone, this is currently recognized to contain nine genera including Pyropia with over 150 accepted species (Sutherland et al. 2011; Sánchez et al. 2014; Koh and Kim 2018; Yang et al. 2018). Several species of foliose Bangiales are known as the most economically important marine crops used for food under local names like gim (Korea), nori (Japan), zicai (China), and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-019-01984-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Myung Sook Kim [email protected] 1
Department of Biology and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
laver (Wales) (Kang 1970, Lim et al. 2017). In particular, the utility of foliose Bangiales as food is based on its high mineral (e.g., iron), vitamin (e.g., vitamin Bs and C), and protein content (Noda 1993; MacArtain et al. 2008). Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda) M.S. Hwang and H
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