Phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis And. in organochlorine pesticides contaminated soil amended by Tween 2
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis And. in organochlorine pesticides contaminated soil amended by Tween 20 and Activated carbon Aigerim Mamirova 1,2
&
Valentina Pidlisnyuk 2 & Aday Amirbekov 3 & Alena Ševců 4 & Asil Nurzhanova 5
Received: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have raised concerns about being persistent and toxic to the environment. Phytoremediation techniques show promise for the revitalization of polluted soils. The current study focused on optimizing the phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis And. (M. sinensis), second-generation energy crop, by exploring two soil amendments: Tween 20 and activated carbon (AC). The results showed that when M. sinensis grew in OCP-polluted soil without amendments to it, the wide range of compounds, i.e., α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, 2.4-DDD, 4.4-DDE, 4.4-DDD, 4.4-DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin, was accumulated by the plant. The introduction of soil amendments improved the growth parameters of M. sinensis. The adding of Tween 20 enhanced the absorption and transmigration to aboveground biomass for some OCPs; i.e., for γ-HCH, the increase was by 1.2, for 4.4-DDE by 8.7 times; this effect was due to the reduction of the hydrophobicity which made pesticides more bioavailable for the plant. The adding of AC reduced OCPs absorption by plants, consequently, for γ-HCH by 2.1 times, 4.4-DDD by 20.5 times, 4.4-DDE by 1.4 times, 4.4-DDT by 8 times, α-HCH was not adsorbed at all, and decreased the translocation to the aboveground biomass: for 4.4-DDD by 31 times, 4.4-DDE by 2.8 times, and γ-HCH by 2 times; this effect was due to the decrease in the bioavailability of pesticides. Overall, the amendment of OCP-polluted soil by Tween 20 speeds the remediation process, and incorporation of AC permitted to produce the relatively clean biomass for energy. Keywords Miscanthus sinensis And. . Phytoremediation . Organochlorine pesticides . Sequestration . Tween 20 . Activated carbon
Introduction Responsible Editor: Elena Maestri * Aigerim Mamirova [email protected] 1
Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan 050040
2
Faculty of Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
3
Faculty of Mechatronics, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
4
Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
5
Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology MES RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan
The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) can be divided into five major groups based on the chemical structure, i.e., DDT and its analogues (DDE, DDD, chlorobenzilate, methoxychlor, dicofol, etc.); hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (α-, β-, δ-, γHCH); cyclodienes and related compounds (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, chlordane, endosulfan, etc.); toxaphene and related chemicals; and mirex
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