Piezoelectricity enhances MoSe 2 nanoflowers adsorption of the antibacterial dye malachite green under sonication

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ORIGINAL PAPER

Piezoelectricity enhances ­MoSe2 nanoflowers adsorption of the antibacterial dye malachite green under sonication Jinzhu Wu1   · Beibei Li1 · Yanbin Shao2 · Xiaohong Wu1 · Wenjie Zhao3 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

Abstract Nanoscale piezoelectrics have recently found applications in radios, switches, tweezers, sensors, actuators, field effect transistors and piezoelectric-gated diodes. Piezoelectrics may also be used to adsorb and efficiently degrade pollutants, yet knowledge is actually scarce. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides were recently found to be piezoelectric. Here, ­MoSe2 nanoflowers were synthesized by the hydrothermal method then used to adsorb the malachite green dye, an antifungal and antibacterial agent for aquaculture. Results show very high dye adsorption, of 85% within 5 s under sonication, with a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 208.3 mg g−1.This is explained by spontaneous physisorption via π–π stacking interactions between aromatic malachite green and electron-rich M ­ oSe2 nanoflowers. For the first time, this work clarifies that the piezoelectric effect of the few-layered M ­ oSe2 nanoflowers triggered by the ultrasonic vibration is a driven force for outstanding adsorption. Keywords  Piezoelectric effect · MoSe2 · 2D materials · Adsorption · Nanomaterial · Pesticide · Dye removal

Introduction Piezoelectric materials have been used in many conventional fields, but the novel ones are still in urgent needs especially for next-generation nanoscale piezoelectric devices (Zheng Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (https​://doi.org/10.1007/s1031​1-020-01048​-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jinzhu Wu [email protected] * Xiaohong Wu * Wenjie Zhao 1



Department of Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150006, People’s Republic of China

2



The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150006, People’s Republic of China

3

The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Measuring and Control Technology and Instrumentations of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Science and Technology, 52 Xuefu Road, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of China



et al. 2017; Zhang 2019; Duerloo et al. 2012). Currently, low-dimensional materials such as nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanosheets have been utilized in the nanoscale piezoelectrics including radios (Jensen et al. 2007), switches (Lee et al. 2004), tweezers (Zhang 2019), sensor (Stampfer et al. 2006), actuators (Eddingsaas and Suslick 2006), field effect transistors (Zheng et al. 2017) and piezoelectric-gated diodes (Duerloo et al. 2012), where controllable charges and electric fields induced by mechanical stimuli play a key role in their application perfor