Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 after an acute physical exercise: relation with post-exercise energy i
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 after an acute physical exercise: relation with post-exercise energy intake in twins C. Almada & L. R. Cataldo & S. V. Smalley & E. Diaz & A. Serrano & M. I. Hodgson & J. L. Santos
Received: 22 February 2012 / Accepted: 21 June 2012 / Published online: 19 July 2012 # University of Navarra 2012
Abstract Increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma levels have been described to occur during physical exercise. A relative reduction in energy intake after physical activity has also been reported after exercise, indicating a possible involvement of IL-6 as an anorexigenic factor. Given the possible effect of interleukins on appetite, we assessed whether a controlled physical activity bout is related with changes in IL-6, IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR), gp130 and interleukin-18 (IL-18) plasma levels, as well as their relation with post-exercise energy intake. A co-twin intervention study was carried out with five young male monozygotic twin pairs. One co-twin performed 45 min of submaximal exercise on a treadmill near the anaerobic threshold ending with 7 min at 90 % VO2 max, while his co-twin remained non-active. Ad libitum energy intake was tested through a carbohydrate-rich meal test. Venous blood samples were drawn at baseline, immediately after exercise and after the meal ingestion. Plasma concentrations of IL-6, IL-6sR, gp130 C. Almada : L. R. Cataldo : S. V. Smalley : A. Serrano : M. I. Hodgson : J. L. Santos (*) Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Postal code 8320000 Santiago, Chile e-mail: [email protected] E. Diaz Department of Physical Education, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
and IL-18 were measured via ELISA. IL-6 plasma levels increased after physical activity bout (2.6-fold change; p00.04). A less marked trend, although still significant, was observed for plasma levels of IL-6sR and gp130. Plasma levels of IL-18 did not significantly change during exercise. The twins who exercised exhibited significantly lower energy intake (181 versus 1,195 kcal; p00.04), compared to the co-twins who remained resting. The present study in monozygotic twins shows increased IL-6 plasma levels after acute physical exercise with a significant reduction in energy intake, supporting a linkage between IL-6 and acute post-exercise eating behaviour. Keywords Interleukin-6 . Interleukin-18 . Exercise . Food intake . Twins
Introduction Body weight regulation results from a balance between food intake and energy expenditure [19], being physical exercise a discretional and effective way of increasing energy expenditure [1]. It has been proposed that physical activity not only contributes to energy balance by increasing energy expenditure but also by altering appetite and reducing food intake [3, 35, 36]. The complex regulation of energy intake by physical activity depends on the integration of central and peripheral neuro-hormonal signalling [14] that should be evaluated in th
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