Plasticity of gut and metabolic limitations of Deoni calves in comparison to crossbred calves on a high plane of nutriti
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Plasticity of gut and metabolic limitations of Deoni calves in comparison to crossbred calves on a high plane of nutrition Ajay Singh 1 & Bandla Srinivas 2 Received: 24 April 2019 / Accepted: 16 October 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Plasticity of the digestive system is important for the development and productivity of cows. The objective of the study was to measure the plasticity of the gut in 10 each of Holstein Friesian (HF)–crossbred (Bos taurus; X) and indigenous (Bos indicus, e.g. Deoni breed; D) calves randomly distributed to recommended plane (RN) or 25% higher plane (HN) of nutrition. Body weight (BW) change during a 6-month period in indigenous calve irrespective of the plane of nutrition was 35 kg. Dry matter intake (DMI) in Deoni calves was reduced on a high plane of nutrition but not in HF-crossbred (X) calves. DMI in XHN was 7% more than that in XRN. Compared to crossbred, energy intake, metabolism and energy efficiency of indigenous calves were poor. Significantly higher plasma glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, AST, ALT and creatinine in DRN or DHN than in XRN or XHN indicated metabolic limitations in indigenous calves. Higher triglycerides and AST, ALT and AST/ALT ratio in indigenous calves may be due to poor insulin sensitivity and hyperlipidaemia. Higher triglycerides in serum may also one of the reasons for the reduced DMI in DHN. Serum creatinine (P < 0.05) in XHN or DHN was higher due to increased crude protein (CP) consumption. The study concluded poor plasticity of the digestive system in indigenous calves on a higher plane of nutrition compared to crossbred calves. Indigenous calves suffer metabolic disturbances like hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and increased creatinine level because of digestive limitation and slower muscle growth. Keywords Breed . Calves . Intake . Nutrition . Phenotype . Serum metabolites
Introduction Nutrition is a potent mediator of developmental plasticity. Nutrition of calves from weaning to 9 months of age is critical in terms of innate immunity and growth which ultimately affects their overall productive life. Evolution of maturation size in response to size-dependent selection is a fundamental part of life history theory (Gårdmark and Dieckmann 2006). Animals may maintain a genetic variation for plasticity or forego plasticity due to inherent costs involved (DeWitt et al. 1998). Animals must have the potential of adaptive * Bandla Srinivas [email protected] Ajay Singh [email protected] 1
College of Veterinary Sciences, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India
2
Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-NDRI, Bengaluru 560030, India
plasticity to make them fit to any given environment. Holstein Friesian (HF; Bos taurus)–crossbred calves were genetically improved for more than 4 decades with systematic selection in comparison to population of many indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) which mated randomly with no selection. Under such circumstances, dev
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