Polymorphic microsatellite loci for population genetics of the hard shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus
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TECHNICAL NOTE
Polymorphic microsatellite loci for population genetics of the hard shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus Yubang Shen • Zhiyi Bai • Shizhao Guo Jiale Li
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Received: 25 July 2012 / Accepted: 13 August 2012 / Published online: 19 August 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Abstract Here we report the isolation and characterization of 14 polymorphic loci isolated from a partial genomic DNA library of hard shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus) enriched for CA repeats. We tested variability of these microsatellites on 60 unrelated individuals collected in China. All loci were polymorphic. The average allele number was 19.9 per locus, ranging from 5 to 36. The observed heterozygosity was from 0.39 to 0.85 with an average of 0.69, whereas the average expected heterozygosity was 0.82. Nine of the 14 microsatellites conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and inherited independently. These developed microsatellites are a potential powerful tool for studies of population genetics and genome mapping for this important food species. Keywords Mytilus corcuscus Genetic diversity Microsatellite
The hard shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus, belonging to the genus Mytilus, is an economically important mussel which is widely distributed from coast of China, Japan, and Korea (Wang 1997). In recent years, the domestic demand for this species increased significantly, and cultured shellfish is short of supply. The cultured juveniles mainly originated from the collection of natural populations. The number of wild Y. Shen Z. Bai S. Guo J. Li (&) Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China e-mail: [email protected] J. Li E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
juveniles has declined drastically due to overexploitation and habitat degradation (Ye et al. 2011). In Taishan islands, the hard shelled mussel were extinguished or severely depleted by overharvesting (Wang 2010). The artificial breeding program for this species starts for a short time and will expand accordingly. Information on genetic diversity and population is important in assessing, managing, utilizing and conserving the genetic resources of this species. Genetic diversity and population structure of wild and cultured populations have been studied using mitochondrial DNA (Shen et al. 2009). Microsatellite is codominant, highly polymorphic, and ideal for genetic diversity, population structure and genetic mapping studies. In this study, we developed and characterized 14 novel polymorphic microsatellites isolated from M. corcuscus genome that can be useful to describe the levels of genetic diversity and population structure within and among populations in this species, thus providing a powerful tool for identifying conservation priorities, developing management strategies and facilitating selective breeding. Genomic DNA was extracted from a small piece of mantle tissue from one hard shelled mussel fol
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