Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci for Siphamia tubifer Weber (Perciformes: Apogonidae)
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MICROSATELLITE LETTERS
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci for Siphamia tubifer Weber (Perciformes: Apogonidae) Tilman J. Alpermann • Jo¨rg Plieske • Ahmad O. Mal • Ofer Gon • Michael L. Berumen
Received: 6 July 2014 / Accepted: 7 July 2014 / Published online: 14 July 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
Abstract The cardinalfish Siphamia tubifer has been selected as a model for the study of genetic connectivity in reef-associated fishes among marine-protected-areas in Socotra Island in the northwestern Indian Ocean (part of the Socotra Archipelago, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008). Twenty-six novel microsatellite markers are described for S. tubifer and are now available for studies on its genetic population structure. In a population sample from Socotra Island, the newly developed markers possessed between three and 20 alleles. Expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.56–0.96 to 0.55–0.95, respectively. The markers did not show deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and were not in linkage disequilibrium. Keywords Siphamia tubifer Microsatellites Population genetics Connectivity Marine protected areas Cardinalfishes (Perciformes: Apogonidae) of the genus Siphamia live in Indo-West Pacific tropical coastal waters. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12686-014-0278-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. T. J. Alpermann Ichthyology Section, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany T. J. Alpermann (&) Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany e-mail: [email protected] J. Plieske TraitGenetics, Am Schwabeplan 1b, 06466 Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
The distribution of Siphamia tubifer Weber, the most widely distributed species, ranges from the Red Sea and the south western Indian Ocean to the Ryuku Islands (NorthWest Pacific) and Vanuatu and New South Wales, Australia, (South-West Pacific) (Gon and Allen 2012). Local and regional occurrence of this small and nocturnally feeding fish is tightly coupled to the presence of certain echinoderms (e.g., Diadema sea urchins or Acanthaster crown-of-thorns starfish) as Siphamia usually seeks shelter between their spines, where it can easily be collected during the day with anesthetics (e.g., clove oil). Gon and Allen (2012) considered S. tubifer a species complex and rapid evolutionary diversification may be expected from its reproductive characteristics (i.e., sexual maturity at small body size, small number of relatively large eggs, mouth brooding and short pelagic larval phase). We propose that the genetic population structure of S. tubifer strongly reflects barriers to population genetic connectivity throughout its distribution range. These reasons make S. tubifer an ideal candidate as a model for studies on population genetic connectivity of reef-a
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