Polypeptide and copper oxide nanocomposite hydrogel for toxicity elimination of wastewater
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ORIGINAL PAPER: NANO- AND MACROPOROUS MATERIALS (AEROGELS, X E R O G E L S , CR Y O G E L S , E T C. )
Polypeptide and copper oxide nanocomposite hydrogel for toxicity elimination of wastewater Shahid Ahmad1 Sher Bahadar Khan1,2 Abdullah M. Asiri1,2 Hadi M. Marwani1,2 Tahseen Kamal1,2 ●
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Received: 25 June 2019 / Accepted: 26 June 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this experimental study, a novel bionanocomposite of gelatin as a polypeptide hydrogel consisting of copper (II) oxide nanomaterial (GL–CuO) was prepared. After dispersing the synthesized CuO nanoparticles (NPs) within the GL aqueous solution, they were cross-linked by the addition of a formaldehyde solution. The resulting GL–CuO nanocomposite hydrogels were further characterized by FESEM, EDX, XRD, XPS, and FTIR. The FESEM micrographs confirmed the uniform distribution of CuO NPs in the hydrogel matrix, with dimensions ranging from 60 to 80 nm. The XRD patterns confirmed the presence of the monoclinic crystalline form of CuO NPs embedded in the GL hydrogel. The GL–CuO catalyst was tested in the reduction of two azo dyes. All the reactions were carried out in the presence of a strong reducing agent, NaBH4, with the catalyst demonstrating high activities toward methyl orange and congo red with reaction rate constants of 9.91 × 10−1 min−1 and 5.8 × 10−1 min−1, respectively. The reduction of these dyes was followed by UV–visible spectroscopy that confirmed complete reduction of the dye. Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Polypeptide Hydrogel nanocomposite CuO nanoparticles Catalytic reduction Gelatin Azo dye ●
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* Hadi M. Marwani [email protected] * Tahseen Kamal [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Highlights ● A facile method for the preparation of polypeptide (gelatin) CuO hydrogel nanocomposite. ● The catalytic properties of GL–CuO in the reduction of azo dyes have been studied. ● The organic pollutant, MO, is reduced by hydrogel nanocomposite with a high rate constant. ● During recyclability, the catalytic activity of hydrogel nanocomposite decreases. ● The catalyst recovery is easy and requires only filtration.
1 Introduction Metals and their oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used as catalysts in various important chemical reactions. These NPs usually possess large specific surface area and rich active surface sites that are the two basic important properties for a good catalyst [1–9]. Copper (II) oxide (CuO) is a typical p-type semiconductor, which has been widely applied in different fields, such as antimicrobial polymer-film development, batteries, solar energy conversion, and gas sensors [10– 12]. In the field of catalysis, the role of CuO has been validated by numerous studies. Recently, efforts have been devoted to eff
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