Recent developments in membrane technology for the elimination of ammonia from wastewater: A review
- PDF / 1,161,513 Bytes
- 27 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 87 Downloads / 212 Views
Recent developments in membrane technology for the elimination of ammonia from wastewater: A review P. Moradihamedani1 Received: 18 May 2020 / Revised: 18 August 2020 / Accepted: 23 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This review article presents an extensive study on ammonia elimination from wastewater through membrane separation technology. The mechanism, performance and morphology of different types of membranes that have been employed for ammonia removal from wastewater such as hollow fiber membrane contactor, membrane distillation contactor and flat sheet membranes including blend, and mixed matrix membranes were analyzed. The impact of various variables, for example feed solution pH, concentration of ammonia in the feed solution, operation temperature, membrane thickness, the feed velocity and striping phase velocity on ammonia removal performance of membranes, was evaluated. To summarize the experimental studies, the best performance of membranes reported in the articles was compared and the future perspective of ammonia removal by membrane technology was reported. Keywords Ammonia elimination · Hollow fiber · Desalination · Mixed matrix · Flat sheet · Membrane List of symbols A Operative filtration area AGMD Air gap membrane distillation CA Cellulose acetate CA,0 Initial concentration of ammonia in the feed phase CA,f Concentration of ammonia in the feed solution CA,s Concentration of ammonia in the stripping phase DCMD Direct contact membrane distillation DE Partition coefficient efficiency DMAc N,N-dimethylacetamide E Removal efficiency * P. Moradihamedani [email protected] 1
Laboratory Center, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, 43900 Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
Jw Flux of permeate solution Ka Ammonia mass transfer coefficient KOE Mass transfer coefficient MA Membrane absorption NMP N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone PP Polypropylene PSf Polysulfone PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride Q Volume of collected permeate sample SEM Scanning electron microscopy SGMD Sweeping gas membrane distillation TAN Total ammonia nitrogen VMD Vacuum membrane distillation ΔT Sampling duration
Introduction Ammonia elimination from wastewater by membrane technology has earned substantial consideration recently. Ammonia is the most critical pollutant in industrial and agriculture wastewaters. It is additionally one of the famous wastewater nitrogenous pollutants existing in two structures depending on the pH. The ammonium ion (NH4+) is the ionized and more plentiful structure, while the ammonia molecule (NH3) is the unionized structure and less plentiful [1, 2]. Although ammonia has significant importance in numerous operations, the extreme amount of this compound may transform it into a lethal pollutant. A 30-min contact with 500 mg/L of ammonia could have inevitable impacts, while a 60-min contact with 3400 mg/L of ammonia could be deadly for any living creature [3]
Data Loading...
