Predictive mechanistic model for single-layered pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) joints
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THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E
Regular Article
Predictive mechanistic model for single-layered pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) joints Part I: Uniaxial tensile stress-strain response H. Huang1,a , A. Dasgupta1,b , and N. Singh2,c 1 2
University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA Received 2 April 2020 / Received in final form 19 July 2020 / Accepted 19 August 2020 Published online: 22 September 2020 c EDP Sciences / Societ` a Italiana di Fisica / Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, 2020 Abstract. Modeling the deformation of structures containing pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) joints can be a challenging task because of the dependence of the deformation mechanism on a) PSA adhesive properties and b) the bonding substrate’s surface properties, such as surface energy and surface roughness. These parameters have significant and unique effects on the mechanical response of the joint. This paper is part of a two-part series, where a mechanism-based predictive modeling approach, supported by empirical observations, is presented for modeling the uniaxial tensile mechanical behavior of single-layered PSA joints based on acrylic PSA materials. This paper (Part I) addresses the stress-strain response, while Part II of this series will address the creep behavior. The underlying model is based on multiple mechanisms: i) cavity nucleation and growth in the bulk adhesive material of the PSA system, as well as at the interfaces between the PSA and the substrate; ii) fibrillation of the cavitated adhesive layer and iii) interfacial slippage between the adhesive and the bonding substrate; iv) PSA delamination from the substrate. This predictive model can be used as a virtual testing tool to generate stress-strain curves for constitutive models of PSA joints under different tensile loading conditions.
1 Introduction PSAs are widely used in industry as bonding media because of their ease of design, affordability, low processing temperature, environmentally friendly bonding and re-work procedures, and uniform thickness and gap filling properties. This paper focuses on commercially available acrylic-based PSAs, but specific commercial designations are avoided in the paper. The debonding process in a PSA joint involves complex deformation of soft materials with highly confined geometry, and is difficult to capture in models for the following reasons: – PSAs are highly deformable. The effective ductility of some PSAs, that are able to cavitate and fibrillate during the debonding process, can be more than 1500% under suitable loading conditions. – Stress-strain behavior observed in highly ductile PSA bonded assemblies under constant deformation rates can contain prominent transitions (between stiffening a b c
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and softening stages) in the apparent instantaneous stiffness of the PSA layer during the deformation process, under suitable loading conditions. This is typically not observed in conventional
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