Preparation of Hierarchical Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE Nanocomposites for High Caffeic Acid Electrochemical Sensing Performance
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08609-6 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Preparation of Hierarchical Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE Nanocomposites for High Caffeic Acid Electrochemical Sensing Performance LU DENG,1 QUAN XU,1 LIANGMEI RAO,1 RUIRUI YUE,2,3 JINGKUN XU,1,4 and XUEMIN DUAN1 1.—College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, People’s Republic of China. 2.—College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, People’s Republic of China. 3.—e-mail: [email protected]. 4.—e-mail: [email protected]
In this paper, Pt/Pd-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/nitrogen doped graphene (Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE) nanocomposites with hierarchical structure were prepared via a one-pot method. In the first step, Pd-PEDOT composites with Pd nanoparticles scattered on the surface or embedded in coralloid PEDOT particles were obtained through the redox reaction between PdCl42 and 3,4ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer. NGE was then added to improve the electrical conductivity and continuity of the nanocomposites. Finally, the added PtCl62 as well as the residual PdCl42 was reduced by ethanol through heating reflux. As a result, the Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE nanocomposites were obtained with Pt and Pd nanoparticles well-dispersed on the surfaces of PEDOT granules and NGE nanosheets. The obtained Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), xray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectra. The electrochemical sensing performance of the Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE modified glassy carbon for caffeic acid (CA) was mainly studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimized conditions, Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE showed superior electrochemical sensing performance for detecting CA with the linear relationship ranging from 0.008 lM to 46 lM and a detection limit of 2.7 nM (a signal to noise ratio of 3 (S/N = 3)). Moreover the nanocomposite also possesses high anti-interference capability and reproducibility. The real sample analysis of Pt/Pd-PEDOT/NGE was successfully carried out, implying the promising application of CA detection in food and beverages. Key words: Metal nanoparticles, PEDOT, graphene, caffeic acid, sensor
INTRODUCTION Caffeic acid (3, 4-dihydroxycinnamic acid, CA), a typical phenolic acid, is found in some beverages, vegetables and fruits (such as tea, wine, chamomile,
(Received September 23, 2020; accepted November 3, 2020)
apple and lemon).1,2 As a plant polyphenol and antioxidant, CA has a variety of biological and physiological activities, such as anti-tumor, antiinflammatory and anti-virus functions.3,4 Therefore, the construction of a sensor with high sensitivity for CA qualitative and quantitative detection has become an important subject for a balanced healthy diet. At present, the detection methods of CA mainly include UV–vis spectrophot
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