Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in a Somalia population
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in a Somalia population Mustafa Kalayci
. Ersan Cetinkaya
. Muhammet Kazim Erol
Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 2 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Purpose To determine the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients over 40 years that presented to our tertiary hospital in Somalia Mogadishu. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 1550 patients older than 40 years that presented to the ophthalmology clinic of Somalia Mogadishu - Turkey Training and Research Hospital. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, gender, intraocular pressure, and optical cup/disk (C/D) ratio, and central corneal thickness measurements were taken. Results The prevalence of glaucoma in the study population over the age of 40 years was 7%. The prevalence of glaucoma was 40% in the 40–50-year group, 6.8% in the 50–60-year group, 7% in the 60–70-year group, 9.9% in the 70–80-year group, and 12.3% in the 80–90-year group. The prevalence of glaucoma statistically significantly increased with advancing age (p \ 0.001). The mean intraocular
pressure was measured as 16.7 ± 3.3 mmHg for the overall patient population, 16.3 ± 2.9 mmHg for the female patients, and 17.1 ± 3.1 mmHg for the male patients. The mean intraocular pressure of the patients diagnosed with POAG was 27.3 ± 4.2 mmHg, and their mean corneal thickness was 507.9 lm, which was significantly lower than the value of the patients without POAG (545.8) (p \ 0.001). The mean C/D ratio was calculated as 0.56 ± 0.21 for the patients with POAG and general 0.24 ± 0.16 for the overall patient population, indicating a statistically significant difference (p \ 0.001). Conclusions A high rate of POAG is seen in patients over 40 years of age in Somalia. The mechanism underlying POAG needs to be investigated in this population. Keywords Africa Central corneal thickness Glaucoma Optic disc Somalia
Introduction M. Kalayci (&) E. Cetinkaya M. K. Erol Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] M. Kalayci Department of Ophthalmology, Somalia Mogadishu Turkey Education and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
Glaucoma is one of the most important causes of irreversible blindness. Approximately 66.8 million people worldwide have primary glaucoma, and about six million of these people have associated blindness in both eyes [1]. While in developed countries, less than 50% of patients are aware of glaucoma, this rate is
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unknown in underdeveloped countries [1]. Estimates of the global prevalence of glaucoma are not up to date. Furthermore, studies conducted in this area mainly focus on European populations [2]. Due to the rapid increase of the aging population worldwide, the accurate estimation of current glaucoma prevalence and of the number of glaucoma patients in the future is important in establishing po
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