Produced Water Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation Techno
Produced Water: Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation TechnologiesThe discharge of produced water from offshore oil and gas facilities remains an environmental concern due to uncertainty regarding its fate, transport and potential biologica
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Kenneth Lee · Jerry Neff Editors
Produced Water Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation Technologies
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Editors Kenneth Lee Centre for Offshore Oil, Gas and Energy Research (COOGER) Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of Oceanography Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Jerry Neff Neff & Associates LLC Duxbury, MA, USA
ISBN 978-1-4614-0045-5 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-0046-2 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0046-2 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011933551 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The “International Produced Water Conference: Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation Technologies” was held in St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, on October 17–18, 2007, and brought together international stakeholders of the offshore oil and gas industry (scientists, environmental managers, regulators, industry and other non-governmental organizations) to share their concerns, knowledge and expertise on the discharge of produced water at sea. In particular, this conference enabled Canadian scientists to present and discuss the latest findings of environmental effects monitoring and research programs conducted by industry and government (e.g. Environmental Studies Research Funds – ESRF, Program of Energy Research and Development – PERD) for both regulatory compliance and the improvement of policies and regulations. Following the meeting, a decision was made by the conference sponsor, ESRF, to publish a book highlighting the major scientific findings that would assist in the decision-making process related to oil and gas exploration and development, both in Canada’s frontier lands as well as globally. The chapters cover a wide range of topics including: • • • • •
chemical composition and characterization, fate and transport in the environment, biological effects, monitoring technologies, and predictive modelling, and risk assessment and management.
The chapters cover the major scientific findings reported by the participants of the conference. In addition, a number of additional presentations were added to cover other recent scientific findings of interest identified by the conference session chairs and participants. Controversial papers were not avoi
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