Production of silicon carbide based materials by liquid-phase sintering (Review)
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NCE FOR CERAMIC PRODUCTION UDC 666.792.32:666.3.015.4
PRODUCTION OF SILICON CARBIDE BASED MATERIALS BY LIQUID-PHASE SINTERING (REVIEW) S. V. Zhitnyuk,1, 2 I. A. Golovchenko,1 N. A. Makarov,1, 3 and Yu. A. Vasyukhina1 Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 7, pp. 14 – 22, July, 2013.
The possibility of obtaining silicon carbide based ceramic by liquid-phase sintering with modification by eutectic additives is examined. It is shown that the samples synthesized are similar to silicon carbide samples obtained by reaction sintering, but they surpass the latter in terms of energy efficiency. Key words: silicon carbide, eutectic, energy efficiency, sintering temperature, mechanical strength.
The concepts for transforming Russian industry are based on the creation of technologies for fundamentally new materials that make it possible to develop new sectors of the economy. The latter applies fully to ceramics, metals, polymers and glass; it also touches upon composite materials that can be produced on their basis. Looking at ceramic materials science it becomes evident that ceramic materials are characterized by unique physical and technical properties which no one class of materials possesses. Construction ceramic displaces a number of metals and alloys used for similar purposes. The average yearly increase in the production of construction ceramic in the USA in 2002 – 2008 was 11.8% in terms of cost. Ceramics, containing mainly SiC, Si3N4, Al2O3 and ZrO2 now account for more than 20% of the world production of construction materials, and their role will increase in the future, in several decades equaling and possibly even surpassing the contribution of metals to the production of construction materials [1 – 3]. New approaches to the technology of synthesizing strengthening components, the principles for picking and types of sintering additives, as well as improving methods for preparing powders and heat-treatment regimes make it possible to significantly improving the physical and chemical properties of silicon carbide materials. There is a real need to create a fundamentally new methodology for developing modern ceramic materials that is 1 2 3
based, on the one hand, on new approaches to picking modifying components (sintering, strengthening and others) and, on the other hand, on improving existing technological principles at all stages of the development of a material that would make it possible in fabricating specific articles to realize to the maximum extent possible the unique properties of the chemical compounds comprising a ceramic material. Therefore, conceptually, designing new-generation materials must be viewed from the standpoints of the interrelations and mutual influence in the system composition – structure – property – technology. This approach is general and can be implemented in creating construction and durable SiC-based composite materials. Undoubtedly, there are diverse ways for solving these problems in application to specific operating regimes of parts. Nonetheless, the basis for them is an underst
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