Production of Sorbents from Residual Biomass of Chlorella Sorokiniana Microalgae and Lemna Minor Duckweed
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INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY PRODUCTION OF SORBENTS FROM RESIDUAL BIOMASS OF CHLORELLA SOROKINIANA MICROALGAE AND LEMNA MINOR DUCKWEED N. A. Politaeva,1 Yu. A. Smyatskaya,1 and S. Yu. Efremova2
UDC 628.31, 502.55
The paper considers technologies for obtaining sorption materials from agricultural processing waste. It is shown that after the separation of valuable components from microalgae and duckweed a large amount of residual biomass is formed, which is a waste. This waste contains cellulose (23.5%), starch, hemicellulose, chitin-and pectin-like substances that cause the sorption properties of biomass. A microstructural analysis of the residual biomass showed a loose surface composed of the tissues of destroyed cells, which proves the high sorption capacity of the residual biomass. The possibility of using residual biomass for wastewater treatment to remove heavy metal ions has been studied and it has been shown that the maximum efficiency of treatment is achieved by residual biomass after heat treatment at 400ºC. A unit for obtaining adsorption materials from residual biomass has been developed and created. Economic calculations of the developed installation were made, the payback period is 6 months, and the profit from using this setup is estimated to be $7899 per year. Keywords: residual biomass, Chlorella sorokiniana, Lemna minor duckweed, waste carbonation, installation, sorbents, water treatment.
The use of industrial waste as secondary raw materials is one of the main tasks of modern ecology. By obtaining sorbents from secondary raw materials for purifying wastewater from pollution, the following are provided: waste disposal, wastewater treatment, reduction of the cost of the product obtained (economic feasibility). The direction of obtaining sorbents from cellulose and lignin-containing wastes (waste from the processing of agricultural products and waste generated as a result of the extraction of valuable substances from plant materials) is relevant. Most of such waste is disposed of inappropriately (which leads to environmental pollution and the withdrawal of useful areas from circulation), and because of this, various methods are proposed for their secondary utilization, including as sorbents. In this case, to ensure the sorption capacity, the waste is modified, activated, and combined with other components [1–8]. When studying the sorption properties of buckwheat husks, rice and expanded clay in relation to dissolved petroleum products in water [1, 2], it was found that the maximum sorption capacity is characterized by a product based on buckwheat hulls treated with ammonium oxalate — the degree of purification in regards to capturing dissolved and emulsified oil products is 69.9 %. 1 2
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Russia; e-mail: р[email protected]. Penza State Technological University, Russia; e-mail: [email protected].
Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftegazovoe Mashinostroenie, Vol. 56, No. 7, pp. 18–20, July, 2020. 0009-2355/20/0708–0543
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