Simultaneous production of flavonoids and lipids from Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella pyrenoidosa
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Simultaneous production of flavonoids and lipids from Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella pyrenoidosa Rajasri Yadavalli 1 & Hariprasad Ratnapuram 2 & Snehasri Motamarry 2 & C. Nagendranatha Reddy 1 & Veeramuthu Ashokkumar 3 & Chandrasekhar Kuppam 4 Received: 10 July 2020 / Revised: 15 September 2020 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Flavonoids are the secondary metabolites synthesized by microalgae and have diverse applications in various fields. The present study compares among two microalgal strains, Chlorella vulgaris (CV) and Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP), for the production of flavonoids and lipids, which were cultivated in mixotrophic as well as autotrophic modes. This study also focuses on the role of Lphenylalanine as a supplement to enhance flavonoids. The current work establishes the relation between nitrates, external carbon, and L-phenylalanine for enhanced production of flavonoids and lipids. The extracted flavonoids were found to be maximum in CP-autotrophic mode followed by CV-mixotrophic mode with 138 μg/ml and 118 μg/ml, respectively. The common flavonoids observed with both the microalgal strains were quercetin, catechin, and p-coumaric acid. In comparison, the production of the maximum lipid of 23.7% was reported with mixotrophic operation in CV, followed by CP (19.4%). The scavenging activity of the extracted flavonoids was determined using a hydrogen peroxide assay and was found to be in the range of 63–73% at all experimental conditions. CP was found to produce more flavonoids in autotrophic mode, whereas mixotrophic mode showed maximum production of lipids and flavonoids in the CV. The simultaneous production of high value-added products, viz., flavonoids and lipids, not only paves a pathway for the biorefinery approach but also elevates the commercial potential during scale-up. Keywords Chlorella vulgaris . Chlorella pyrenoidosa . Flavonoid . Lipid . Scavenging activity . Biorefinery approach Highlights • Chlorella vulgaris in mixotrophic mode has reported simultaneous production of both flavonoids and lipid content • Chlorella pyrenoidosa showed maximum flavonoid production of 138 μg/ml in autotrophic mode. • Supplementation of carbon and L-phenylalanine in mixotrophic mode yielded maximum lipids and flavonoids, favoring the biorefinery approach. • The scavenging activity of the extracted flavonoids was found to be in the range of 63–73%. * Chandrasekhar Kuppam [email protected] 1
Department of Biotechnology, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (Autonomous), Gandipet, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
2
Department of Biotechnology, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology (Autonomous), Yamnampet, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
3
Department of Chemical Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
4
Green Processing, Bioremediation and Alternative Energies Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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