Protective Effects of Pinocembrin and Pinostrobin against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Stress in Retina Pigment Epithelial
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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, Vol. 54, No. 8, November, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 54, No. 8, August, 2020)
PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PINOCEMBRIN AND PINOSTROBIN AGAINST HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED STRESS IN RETINA PIGMENT EPITHELIAL CELLS Derya Kilicaslan,1 Akif Hakan Kurt,2,* and Adem Doðaner3 Original article submitted January 6, 2020. This work was aimed at examining the protective effect of pinocembrin and pinostrobin in retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the present study, the ARPE-19 cell line, one of the retinal pigment epithelial cell lines, was selected as the test cell culture. The incubation was performed on the basis of a 16-h application time of 500 mM H2O2 to induce the oxidative stress damage in the ARPE-19 cell line. The protective effect of applying pinocembrin and pinostrobin in H2O2-induced oxidative damage was evaluated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The obtained results showed evidence of therapeutic effects of pinocembrin and pinostrobin in cells exposed to oxidative stress-induced damage. Pinocembrin and pinostrobin can find direct medical application as pharmaceutical agents and may contribute to the design, synthesis and semi-synthesis of new drugs and to the development of chemical templates for treatment of diseases. Keywords: pinocembrin, pinostrobin, oxidative stress, cell viability, ARPE-19.
mented cell layer of the retina [6]. Due to intense illumination coming from a focal light source, the high-level oxygen tension in macular area, and because of phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments, RPE cells are sensitive to oxidative stress. Strong proof has reinforced the hypothesis that, in the etiology of AMD, the RPE apoptosis induced by cumulative oxidative stress is a major factor and the primary cause of blindness in the population with increasing age [7 – 9]. Oxidative stress was associated with the pathogenesis of AMD probably because of detrimental effects of ROS on the RPE cells [10 – 14]. To reinforce this, it was shown in some studies that antioxidants and zinc supplements slow down the progression of this disease [14, 15]. Pinocembrin ((S)-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone) is a natural flavonoid compound that occurs in propolis, honey, and several plants [16, 17]. In addition to its natural extraction, is was also biosynthesized [18, 19] and chemically synthesized [20], and it was reported to possess pharmacological activities including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasodilative, antiprotozoal, neuroprotective, and antiproliferative [21 – 26]. In addition, previous data showed that it might protect the brain of rat against acute cerebral ischemia through decreasing the area of cerebral infarction, maintain-
1. INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress is a major pathogenic factor in many diseases that are related to age such as Alzheimer’s disease [1], atherosclerosis [2], and cancer development [3]. Oxidative stress contributes also to the development of many
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