Protective effects of Clostridium butyricum against oxidative stress induced by food processing and lipid-derived aldehy
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APPLIED MICROBIAL AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
Protective effects of Clostridium butyricum against oxidative stress induced by food processing and lipid-derived aldehydes in Caco-2 cells Jiayi Li 1 & Haokun Shen 1 & Zengjue Zhao 1 & Ding Cao 1 & Min Zeng 1 & Haiming Cai 1 & Jiatian Wei 1 & Qin Fan 1 & Jinbo Deng 1 & Feiping Ming 1 & Miaopeng Ma 1 & Qianyi Liang 1 & Junhao Jia 1 & Shuxia Zhang 1 & Linghua Zhang 1,2 Received: 28 April 2020 / Revised: 18 August 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The human body is almost always facing the oxidative stress caused by foodborne aldehydes such as glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO), 4-hydroxyhexenal (HHE), and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). When these aldehydes build up, they can cause a range of harm. However, a probiotic, Clostridium butyricum, can increase nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and may have the potential to relieve oxidative stress. If C. butyricum is indeed resistant to aldehydes, the advantages (accessibility, convenience, and safety) will be of great significance compared with drugs. Unfortunately, whether C. butyricum can play a role in alleviating toxic effects of foodborne aldehydes in the intestine (the first line of defense against food-derived toxin) was unclear. To investigate these, we measured the viability, ROS, autophagy, and inflammatory cytokine expression of Caco-2 which were co-cultured with C. butyricum and stimulated by the four aldehydes via Nrf2 pathway (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium as controls). Then, we explored the link among C. butyricum, NLRP6, and Nrf2 signaling pathways when facing the stimuli. In the present study, we demonstrated that Clostridium butyricum relieved the oxidative stress induced by the aldehydes in Caco-2. Most interestingly, we found a “complementary” relationship between NLRP6 and Nrf2 in C. butyricum treatment under aldehyde stress. Our research not only makes a contribution to the popularization of C. butyricum as a probiotic-rich food instead of medicines but also sheds new light on the application of subsequent microecological formulation of C. butyricum. Key points • The adverse effects are caused in a dose-dependent manner by foodborne aldehydes. • Clostridium butyricum can significantly ameliorate oxidative stress. • There is a “complementary” relationship between the NLRP6 and Nrf2 signaling pathways. • Using Clostridium butyricum foods to alleviate oxidative stress shows great prospects. Keywords Clostridium butyricum . Glyoxal/methylglyoxal . 4-Hydroxyhexenal/4-hydroxynonenal . Oxidative stress Jiayi Li, Haokun Shen and Min Zeng contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10896-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Linghua Zhang [email protected] 1
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South
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