Psychological symptoms are associated with screen and exercise time: a cross-sectional study of Chinese adolescents
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Psychological symptoms are associated with screen and exercise time: a crosssectional study of Chinese adolescents Feng Zhang1,2, Xiaojian Yin1,2,3* , Cunjian Bi1,2, Liu Ji1,2, Huipan Wu1,2, Yuqiang Li1,2, Yi Sun1,2, Sien Ren1,2, Guodong Wang1,2, Xiaofang Yang1,2, Ming Li1,2, Yuan Liu1,2 and Ge Song1,2
Abstract Background: Mental disorders among adolescents have become a worldwide public health problem. This study aimed to estimate the best combination of exercise time and screen time to promote the mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods: Participants included 7200 Chinese adolescents aged 13–18 years from six regions of China. Screen and exercise time data were collected via a self-rated questionnaire. Psychological symptoms (e.g., often feeling depressed, school-weary) were evaluated with the “Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents”. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analysis were conducted to investigate the differences in and correlations among screen time, exercise time, and psychological symptoms. Results: The overall detection rate of psychological symptoms among Chinese adolescents was 21.4% (22.1% for boys and 20.6% for girls). Psychological symptom detection rates were lowest among adolescents with 1–2 h/d of screen time (19.5%) and those with 30–60 min/d of exercise time (17.3%). Screen time > 2 h/d (OR = 1.38, P < 0.001) and exercise time < 30 min/d (OR = 1.62, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with psychological symptoms. Conclusion: Screen and exercise time are associated with psychological symptoms in Chinese adolescents. A combination of 1–2 h/d of screen time and 30–60 min/d of exercise time is provided as a reference for better mental health. Keywords: Mental disorders, Mental health, Screen time, Exercise time, Psychological symptoms, Chinese adolescents
Background Involving profound individual biological, social, and psychological changes, adolescence is a difficult stage of life in which to change health-related behaviours, with many social interactions being impacted [1]. In addition, from a mental health perspective, it is important to provide mental health services during this time because adolescence is a critical period in the development of mental * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China 2 College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
disorders. Mental disorders (e.g., depression or anxiety) are associated with other chronic diseases, further increasing their morbidity and mortality [2, 3], and they have become a serious global public health issue among adolescents. Unfortunately, mental disorders affect 10–20% of adolescents worldwide [4–6]. Chinese adolescents’ mental health has also deteriorated across birth cohorts since the early 1990s [7]. It is wel
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