18 F-FDG PET radiomics approaches: comparing and clustering features in cervical cancer
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
18
F-FDG PET radiomics approaches: comparing and clustering features in cervical cancer
Tetsuya Tsujikawa1 • Tasmiah Rahman1 • Makoto Yamamoto2 • Shizuka Yamada2 Hideaki Tsuyoshi2 • Yasushi Kiyono1 • Hirohiko Kimura3 • Yoshio Yoshida2 • Hidehiko Okazawa1
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Received: 24 May 2017 / Accepted: 5 August 2017 / Published online: 16 August 2017 The Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine 2017
Abstract Objectives The aims of our study were to find the textural features on 18F-FDG PET/CT which reflect the different histological architectures between cervical cancer subtypes and to make a visual assessment of the association between 18 F-FDG PET textural features in cervical cancer. Methods Eighty-three cervical cancer patients [62 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 21 non-SCCs (NSCCs)] who had undergone pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT were enrolled. A texture analysis was performed on PET/CT images, from which 18 PET radiomics features were extracted including first-order features such as standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), second- and high-order textural features using SUV histogram, normalized gray-level co-occurrence matrix (NGLCM), and neighborhood graytone difference matrix, respectively. These features were compared between SCC and NSCC using a Bonferroni adjusted P value threshold of 0.0028 (0.05/18). To assess the association between PET features, a heat map analysis with hierarchical clustering, one of the radiomics approaches, was performed. Results Among 18 PET features, correlation, a secondorder textural feature derived from NGLCM, was a
stable parameter and it was the only feature which showed a robust trend toward significant difference between SCC and NSCC. Cervical SCC showed a higher correlation (0.70 ± 0.07) than NSCC (0.64 ± 0.07, P = 0.0030). The other PET features did not show any significant differences between SCC and NSCC. A higher correlation in SCC might reflect higher structural integrity and stronger spatial/linear relationship of cancer cells compared with NSCC. A heat map with a PET feature dendrogram clearly showed 5 distinct clusters, where correlation belonged to a cluster including MTV and TLG. However, the association between correlation and MTV/TLG was not strong. Correlation was a relatively independent PET feature in cervical cancer. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET textural features might reflect the differences in histological architecture between cervical cancer subtypes. PET radiomics approaches reveal the association between PET features and will be useful for finding a single feature or a combination of features leading to precise diagnoses, potential prognostic models, and effective therapeutic strategies.
& Tetsuya Tsujikawa [email protected]
Introduction
1
Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
3
Department of Radio
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