A Concept Note on Aqueous Type Graphite Dual-ion Battery: A Promising Low-Cost Electrical Energy Storage Technology
Electrical energy storage technologies are an integral part of renewable energy generation infrastructure. The rechargeable battery is a unique example of portable storage technologies. Among various rechargeable batteries, dual-ion batteries are catching
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A Concept Note on Aqueous Type Graphite Dual-ion Battery: A Promising Low-Cost Electrical Energy Storage Technology Sunny Nandi, Arnab Dutta, and Shyamal K. Das Abstract Electrical energy storage technologies are an integral part of renewable energy generation infrastructure. The rechargeable battery is a unique example of portable storage technologies. Among various rechargeable batteries, dual-ion batteries are catching the attention recently. Herein, we present a proof-of-concept of a novel and eco-friendly dual-ion battery with electrochemically processed graphite electrodes in aqueous electrolyte. We also take the advantage of the three electrons transfer process of Al3+ ion while operating the battery. The battery shows excellent cycling stability over 100 cycles with specific capacity of 10 mAhg−1 . The notable part of the work is that it proposes to use exceptionally low-cost and easily available raw materials. Keywords Energy storage · Dual-ion battery · Graphite
1 Introduction The global carbon-dioxide emission due to fossil fuel burning for energy generation is estimated to be 33 gigatonnes in 2019 [1]. This massive quantity of carbon footprint is a major cause in bringing certain degree of uncertainty and instability to our environment. In a bid to circumvent this problem, harnessing energy from small- and large-scale renewable sources is gaining unprecedented popularity worldwide. The United Nations also acknowledged this very idea of eco-friendly electricity generation and consumption by pinning ‘Affordable and Clean Energy’ as one of Sustainable Development Goals. However, the unpredictable and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources demand its integration with electrical energy storage devices for a more viable and consumer friendly on-demand consumption. It has unambiguously propelled the research interest in the area of energy storage technologies. In order to tap the vastness of renewables, a wide variety of storage technologies is available. For S. Nandi · A. Dutta · S. K. Das (B) Department of Physics, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 S. Mahapatra et al. (eds.), Advances in Energy Technology, Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8700-9_10
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instance, a pumped hydroelectric system is an excellent storage technology capable of storing electricity in gigawatts [2]. These kinds of large-scale systems are permanently installed in desired geographical territories for the delivery of electricity in the grid. However, this option has limited opportunity for portable consumption of electricity. The revolution that has undergone in the last decade in the electronics industry relentlessly demands for more-efficient, long-lasting, lightweight, and small-scale energy storage devices. Hence, rechargeable batteries emerged as the powerhouse for storing and on-demand delivery of portable mode of electri
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